Kan-he-fu (English spelling)

Japanese: 勘合符 - かんごうふ（英語表記）Kan-he-fu

Tally tickets were issued by the Ming Dynasty of China to verify the authenticity of tribute ships and were given to foreign countries. They were first given to Siam, Champa, and Cambodia in the 16th year of the Hongwu era of the Ming Dynasty (1383). In Japan, they were given to the Muromachi Shogunate from the 2nd year of the Yongle era of the Ming Dynasty (1404). Each ship sent to Ming brought a half-seal tally ticket, which was checked against the Chinese half-seal tally ticket and bottom ledger before being allowed to trade with China. It was customary to issue new tally tickets each time the Ming era began.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国の明朝が朝貢船の真偽を確かめるために発行し，外国に分け与えた割符。明の洪武 16 (1383) 年に暹羅 (シャム) ，占城 (チャンパ) ，真臘 (カンボジア) などに与えたのが最初で，日本には明の永楽2 (1404) 年から室町幕府に支給され，遣明船団は1船ごとに1枚ずつ支給された半印の勘合を持参し，中国側の半印勘合，底簿と照合されたうえで朝貢貿易が許された。勘合符は明の改元ごとに新しく発行されるならわしであった。

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