Kanginshu - Collection of poems

A collection of short poems in the broad sense that were created in the late Middle Ages. One volume. The editor is unknown. The original has not been handed down, and all four existing copies are transcriptions. The 311 poems, which are thought to be based on the Book of Songs, are preceded by a preface to the manajo and a preface to the kana. The manajo explains the essence and effects of short poems, and then explains that the title was given by the editor, "Ikkyokaku," and that it was written in the eighth month of autumn in the 15th year of the Eisho era (1518). The songs are arranged in the order of the four seasons and love, like the divisions of waka poetry, in the Renga-like "kusari" technique, and include 231 kouta, 48 Yamato-bushi, 2 Omi-bushi, 10 Dengaku-bushi, 7 recited poems, 8 soga, 3 Houka songs, and 2 Kyogen kouta. "Kouta" refers to songs with graceful melodies and irregular rhythms that are in the vein of "koutabushi" found in works such as "Sarugaku Dangi," while "Yamato-bushi" refers to songs from Yamato Sarugaku, in other words, songs in the koutai style of Noh plays. Most of "Kanginshu" is "koutabushi" in the broad sense, or kouta-kari. The majority of the content is love songs, which are light-hearted, free and unrestrained, and the poetic form is rich in variety, with most being short pieces in the 7-5-7-7 style (Imayo semi-form).

[Tokue Motomasa]

"Japanese Classical Literature Series 44: Collection of Medieval and Early Modern Songs, edited by Shida Nobuyoshi et al. (1959, Iwanami Shoten)" ▽ "Asano Kenji, Complete Research on Kan'inshu, edited and translated by Usuda Jingorō and Niima Shinichi, "Complete Collection of Japanese Classical Literature 25: Kagura Songs, Saibaraku, Ryojin Hisho, Kan'inshu, (1976, Shogakukan)" ▽ "Shincho Collection of Japanese Classics, Kan'inshu, Soan Short Poems, edited by Kitagawa Tadahiko, (1982, Shinchosha)" ▽ "Complete Index of Kan'inshu, edited by Takanashi Toshiko et al. (1969, Musashino Shoin)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中世後期に成立した広義の小歌(こうた)の集成。1巻。編者未詳。原本は伝わらず、現存の4本はいずれも転写本である。『詩経』に準じたと考えられる311首の前に真名序(まなじょ)と仮名序とを置き、真名序では小歌の本質や効果を説いたあとで、書名が編者たる「一狂客」の命名であること、永正(えいしょう)15年（1518）秋8月に記したことを述べる。和歌の部立(ぶだて)のごとく四季、恋の順で連歌(れんが)的な「鎖(くさ)り」の手法で配列されている歌謡の内訳は、小歌231、大和(やまと)節48、近江(おうみ)節2、田楽(でんがく)節10、吟詩句7、早歌(そうが)8、放下(ほうか)の謡物(うたいもの)3、狂言小歌2。「小歌」とは『申楽談儀(さるがくだんぎ)』などにみられる「小歌ぶし」の流れを引く優美な旋律、拍節不定のリズムを基調とする謡物、「大和節」とは大和猿楽(さるがく)の謡物、すなわち謡曲の小謡(こうたい)風のものをさし、『閑吟集』のほとんどが広義の「小歌節」もしくは小歌がかりのものである。内容は恋の歌が大部を占め、軽妙で自由闊達(かったつ)、詩型も変化に富み、七五七七の今様(いまよう)半型式のような短小のものがもっとも多い。

［徳江元正］

『志田延義他校注『日本古典文学大系44　中世近世歌謡集』（1959・岩波書店）』▽『浅野健二著『閑吟集研究大成』（1968・明治書院）』▽『臼田甚五郎・新間進一校注・訳『日本古典文学全集25　神楽歌・催馬楽・梁塵秘抄・閑吟集』（1976・小学館）』▽『北川忠彦校注『新潮日本古典集成　閑吟集・宗安小歌集』（1982・新潮社）』▽『高梨敏子他編『閑吟集総索引』（1969・武蔵野書院）』

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