Sickle cell anemia (English spelling)

Japanese: 鎌状赤血球貧血 - かまじょうせっけっきゅうひんけつ（英語表記）sickle cell anemia

Also known as crescent cell anemia. A type of hemolytic anemia, this is a hereditary disease that is common among black people in tropical Africa. There is an abnormality in the structure of the hemoglobin (HbS, or hemoglobin S), which causes condensation of the hemoglobin molecules in a low-oxygen environment, causing the red blood cells to become sickle-shaped. Sickle-shaped red blood cells are prone to breaking and clumping together to form blood clots in blood vessels. This causes circulatory disorders in various organs and tissues, and the clinical symptoms are diverse, including anemia, jaundice, increased white blood cell count, and abdominal pain. HbS carriers have strong resistance to malaria infection.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

三日月形細胞貧血ともいう。一種の溶血性貧血で，アフリカ熱帯地方の黒人に多発する遺伝性疾患。血色素の構造に異常があり (HbS＝ヘモグロビンSという) ，このため低酸素の環境で血色素分子の縮合が起って，赤血球の形が鎌状に変形する。鎌状赤血球はこわれやすく，集合して血管に血栓をつくりやすい。そのため種々の臓器や組織の循環障害が起り，臨床症状は貧血，黄疸，白血球増加，腹痛など多彩をきわめる。 HbS保有者はマラリアの感染に対する抵抗力が強い。

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