Scallop

Japanese: 貝柱 - かいばしら
Scallop

This refers to the muscle column used to close the shell of bivalve shells. Clams, cockles, and other clams have two. Scallops and anchovies have one large one in the center of the shell. The anchovies' adductor muscles are small, but are called "ko" adductor muscles, and are enjoyed in vinegared dishes, salads, sushi toppings, and tempura. Scallop adductor muscles are sold raw or cooked. Raw adductor muscles are suitable for sashimi, vinegared dishes, tempura, and fries, while cooked adductor muscles are suitable for butter-fried dishes and chowders. Anchovies are sold under the name of "hiragai" and are delicious as sashimi or fried. All adductor muscles are delicious, which is thought to be because they are rich in betaines and succinic acid. Scallop adductor muscles are used to make dried scallops, which are used in Chinese cuisine. To make this, place the scallop in boiling seawater, open its mouth, and remove the meat. From this, only the adductor muscles are separated, which are further boiled and then repeatedly roasted and dried in the sun. The dried scallops are called shiraboushi. Those that are light brown and firm are good quality. Those that are dried with the mantle and innards still attached are called kuroboushi. Some scallop adductor muscles are also used to make dried sardines. All of them are delicious and are used in Chinese cuisine and other dishes.

[Kaneda Hisashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

二枚貝の貝殻を閉じるのに使う筋肉柱をいう。アサリ、ハマグリ、バカガイなどは2個。ホタテガイ、タイラギなどは殻の中央に大きなものが1個ある。バカガイの貝柱は小さいが、小柱などとよばれ、酢の物、和(あ)え物、すし種(だね)、かき揚げなどにして喜ばれる。ホタテガイの貝柱は生(なま)または煮熟したものが売られている。生は刺身、酢の物、てんぷら、フライなどに向き、煮熟したものはバター焼き、チャウダーなどに向く。タイラギは平貝の名で売られ、刺身やフライにしてうまい。貝柱はどれもうまいが、これはベタイン類やコハク酸などに富むためとされている。ホタテガイの貝柱からは煮干し品がつくられ、中華料理に使われる。この作り方は沸騰海水中にホタテガイを入れ、口をあけさせ、肉を取り出す。これから貝柱だけを分け、さらに煮熟し、焙乾(ばいかん)と日干しを繰り返す。干し上がったものは白乾(しらぼし)とよばれる。淡褐色で固く締まったものが良品。外套膜(がいとうまく)や内臓をつけたまま干したものは黒乾という。ホタテガイ以外の貝柱からも多少煮干しがつくられる。いずれもうまく、中華料理その他に使われる。

[金田尚志]

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