Carpenter, W.

However, in 1850, M. Sars of Norway discovered 19 species of organisms at depths of over 300 fathoms, and subsequent observations that contradicted the abiotic zone theory continued to emerge. W. Carpenter, president of the University of London, had been collecting organisms from the deep sea that had previously been known from fossil records and had become interested in this issue, and in 1871 he made a strong case at the Royal Society for the need for the British government to send a deep-sea expedition around the world, which was taken up, and the expedition was realized. The expedition was led by C.W. Thomson (natural history) of the University of Edinburgh, and included J. Murray (marine geology) and H. Mosley (biology). From the time they left Plymouth to the time they returned, they traveled 68,890 nautical miles, spent 727 days at sea, made 492 deep-sea soundings, collected 263 water temperature readings, collected 133 mud samples, and trawled 151 times.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Carpenter, W." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…ところが，ノルウェーのサルスM.Sarsは1850年，300ファゾム以深の海から19種もの生物を発見し，その後も無生物帯説に反する観測結果が次々と出てきた。従来，化石記録などで知られていた生物を深海から採集し，この問題に興味を持つようになっていたロンドン大学学長のカーペンターW.Carpenterは1871年，ローヤル･ソサエティでイギリス政府が世界周回深海探検船を派遣する必要を力説，これが取り上げられ，探検実現の運びとなったのである。　この探検にはエジンバラ大学のC.W.トムソン(博物学)を隊長とし，マレーJ.Murray(海洋地質学)，モズリーH.Mosley(生物学)などが参加，プリマス港を出港して同港にもどるまで，航跡は6万8890カイリ，洋上で過ごした日数727日，深海測深数492，測温採水点263，採泥数133，トロールびき151回に達した。…

※「カーペンター，W.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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