Bao Shichen - Hoseishin

A Chinese calligrapher and calligraphy critic of the late Qing dynasty. Born in Jing County, Anhui Province. His courtesy name was Shenbo, his pen name was Ken'ou, and he was a waishi (official editor) of the Ken'you Pavilion. He was called Anwu Sensei after the ancient name of his hometown. He was a juvenile in 1808 (the 13th year of the Jiaqing era). In his later years, he became the governor of Xinyu County, Jiangxi Province, but retired after one year. He was caught up in the Taiping Rebellion while residing in Nanjing, where he died during the evacuation. He was of a fearless disposition, knowledgeable about salt and classical Chinese regulations, and loved military calligraphy. His calligraphy was passed down from Ouyang Xun and Yan Zhenqing of the Tang Dynasty to Su Shi of the Song Dynasty and Dong Qichang of the Ming Dynasty, but he was eventually influenced by Deng Shiru and began to advocate the Northern School, establishing his own unique style of regular, running, and cursive calligraphy with a style of reverse entry and flat entry (starting with a stroke going from the bottom left to the top and ending with a stroke going to the bottom right). He wrote works such as "Four Types of Anwu" and "Art Boat Double Rudders," and his disciples included Wu Xizai and others.

[Hiroshi Kakui]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)代後期の書家、書論家。安徽(あんき)省涇(けい)県の人。字(あざな)は慎伯、号は倦翁(けんおう)、倦遊閣外史。出身地の古名にちなみ安呉先生といわれる。1808年（嘉慶13）の挙人。晩年に江西省新喩(しんゆ)県知事となるが、1年で退官、南京(ナンキン)に寓居(ぐうきょ)中、太平天国の乱にあい、避難の途中没した。性質は精悍(せいかん)で、塩制、経制の学に詳しく、兵家の書を好んだ。書は唐の欧陽詢(おうようじゅん)、顔真卿(がんしんけい)から宋(そう)の蘇軾(そしょく)、明(みん)の董其昌(とうきしょう)に転じたが、やがて鄧石如(とうせきじょ)の影響を受けて北派を唱導し、逆入平出(ぎゃくにゅうへいしゅつ)（起筆を左下から上に回して打ち込み、収筆を右下に出す）の筆法で楷行草(かいぎょうそう)に独自の気満の風を樹立した。『安呉四種』『藝舟双楫(げいしゅうそうしゅう)』などの著があり、門下に呉煕載(ごきさい)らがいる。

［角井　博］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例