The capital of French Guiana. It is located on the northwestern tip of Cayenne Island at the mouth of the Cayenne River on the Atlantic coast of northern South America. It was founded by the French in the early 17th century. After the abolition of slavery in 1848, there was a labor shortage, so prisoners were sent from France to fill the labor shortage, and the city became known as the "convict town." The penal colony was closed in 1944. It is the largest city in French Guiana, with one third of the population concentrated there. As a port city facing the Atlantic, it ships timber, rum, gold, and other products. It is also a distribution center for pineapples and sugar cane, which are produced in the surrounding area, and has a pineapple canning factory as well as a shrimp canning and freezing factory. The French Tropical American Institute and the Pasteur Institute are located nearby. The city is connected to Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni in the northwest and the Brazilian border in the southeast by coastal roads, and there is an international airport nearby. Population: 60,500 (2003 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
フランス領ギアナの首都。南アメリカ北部大西洋岸,カイエンヌ川河口のカイエンヌ島北西端に位置する。 17世紀前半フランス人が建設。 1848年の奴隷制廃止後,労働力不足をきたしたため,それを一部補うためフランス本国から囚人が送られてくるようになり,その入植中心地となった市は「囚人の町」として知られるようになった。流刑植民地は 1944年閉鎖。フランス領ギアナ最大の都市で,人口の3分の1が集中。大西洋に臨む港湾都市として木材,ラム酒,金などを積み出す。また周辺に産するパイナップル,サトウキビなどの集散地で,パイナップル缶詰工場があるほか,エビの缶詰・冷凍工場も立地。近郊にはフランス熱帯アメリカ研究所,パスツール研究所がある。沿岸道路により北西のサンローランデュマロニ,南東のブラジル国境方面と結ばれるほか,近郊に国際空港がある。人口 6万500(2003推計)。
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