Kaneko Tota - Kaneko Tota

Japanese: 金子兜太 - かねことうた

Haiku poet. His father was the haiku poet Kaneko Isekiko (1889-1977). He was born in Ogawa-machi, Saitama Prefecture, and grew up in Minano-machi, Chichibu. He started writing haiku while attending the old Mito High School, and contributed to such works as "Stratosphere," "Earth," and "Cold Thunder." After graduating from the Faculty of Economics at Tokyo Imperial University, he was assigned to Truk Island (now Chuuk Island) as a naval accounting officer. After being demobilized after World War II, he joined the Bank of Japan. He was active in the union movement. In 1946 (Showa 21), he participated in the launch of the coterie magazine "Kaze," and became a leading proponent of the social haiku movement, arguing that "sociality is a matter of attitude." He continued to be a standard-bearer of the avant-garde haiku movement, as represented by haiku such as "Bankers are like squids that glow from the morning" and "The village sleeps with its splendid graveyard vagina exposed." In 1961, he wrote "Six Chapters on Zokei Haiku," in which he advocated placing the creative subject between the object and the work. In 1962, he founded "Kaitei," became its representative member, and later became its president. He worked to reevaluate the idea of wandering and wandering, discussing such figures as Issa and Santoka. In 1988, he was awarded the Medal with Purple Ribbon. In 1992, he was appointed permanent director of the Japan-China Cultural Exchange Association, and visited China many times. He discovered the idea of "heaven and man as one," which resonated with him, and he deepened his interest in his hometown and nature. He eventually came to see his origins in the communion with the spirit of his birthplace, symbolized by the Chichibu wolf. "There was a firefly on the wolf" became his signature haiku. In 2002, he won the 36th Dakotsu Award for "Togoku Sho" (2001). His major haiku collections include "Shounen" (1955), "En'en" (1968), "Kaneko Tota Complete Haiku Collection" (1975), "Nomad Collection" (1981), "Shijing Kokufu" (1985), and "Ryoshin" (1995. Winner of the Poetry and Literature Museum Award). A collection of selected works from his complete works is also available: "Kaneko Tota Collection" (4 volumes, 2002).

[Terutoshi Hirai March 19, 2018]

Bankers are like squids glowing in the morning

"A Theory of Short Poetry Literature" (1963, Kinokuniya Shoten) ▽ "Settling and Wandering" (1972, Shunjusha) ▽ "Fables of a Haiku Child" (1975, Hokuyosha) ▽ "A Consideration of the Common People" (1977, Godo Shuppan) ▽ "Scenes from Panda House" (1981, Fuyukisha) ▽ "A Collection of Haiku from the Book of Poems in the National Style" (1985, Kadokawa Shoten) ▽ "A Collection of Haiku from Everyone" (1986, Rippushobo) ▽ "Haiku Tales from Panda House" (1987, Iizuka Shoten) ▽ "Haiku Thoughts: A Collection of Kaneko Tota Conversations" (1988, San'ichi Shobo) ▽ "Ryokami" (1995, Rippushobo) ▽ "The Collection of Flower Gods: Kaneko Tota" (1995, Hanajinja Shrine) ▽ "Eroticism" (1996, Yuzankaku) " Togokusho : Anthology of Haiku (2001, Hanajinsha) " "Kaneko Tota Collection, 4 volumes (2002, Chikuma Shobo)" "Kobayashi Issa: The Wandering Bird Poet, Taneda Santoka: The Wandering Poet (Kodansha Gendai Shinsho)" "My History of Postwar Haiku" (Iwanami Shinsho) "Yellow: Anthology of Haiku by Kaneko Tota" (Francedo Bunko) "Kaneko Tota: Three Hundred Self-Selected Poems" (Shunyodo Shoten, Haiku Bunko) " "Devotion to Haiku" (Chikuma Shinsho) "Kaneko Tota Collection of Haiku" (Geirin 21st Century Bunko) "Kaneko Tota and others, interviewer Kuroda Kyoko: Testimony: Haiku of the Showa Period, Vol. 1 (2002, Kadokawa Shoten)" ▽ "The Aesthetics of Haiku" by Narii Keiko (1992, Bokuyosha) ▽ "Surrealism and Haiku" by Tsuruoka Kiku (1998, Okisekisha) ▽ "In the Whirlpool of the Avant-Garde Tanka Movement - A Poet's Memoirs" by Okai Takashi (1998, published by Nagagami Shobo and Haru Shobo) ▽ "A Personal Theory of Modern Haiku Poets, Vol. 1" by Kurahashi Yoson (1998, Tokyo Shiki Publishing)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

俳人。父は俳人金子伊昔紅(いせきこう)（1889―1977）。埼玉県小川町で生まれ、秩父(ちちぶ)の皆野町で育つ。旧制水戸高校在学中に句作を始め『成層圏』『土上』『寒雷』などに投句。東京帝国大学経済学部卒業後、海軍主計将校としてトラック島（現、チューク島）に赴任。第二次世界大戦後復員、日本銀行に入行。組合運動に活躍した。1946年（昭和21）、同人誌『風』の創刊に参加、社会性俳句運動の主論者となり、「社会性は態度の問題である」などと論じた。引き続き「銀行員等朝より蛍光す烏賊(いか)のごとく」「華麗な墓原女陰あらわに村眠り」などの句に代表される前衛俳句運動の旗手を務めた。1961年『造型俳句六章』を書き、ものと作品との間に創(つく)る主体を置くことを提唱した。1962年『海程』を創刊、代表同人となり、のちに主宰となった。一茶、山頭火(さんとうか)などを論じながら放浪漂泊の再評価に取り組む。1988年紫綬褒章(しじゅほうしょう)受章。1992年（平成4）日中文化交流協会常任理事就任を機に訪中を重ね、「天人合一」の考えを知り共鳴、郷土、自然への関心を深めたが、やがて秩父の狼(おおかみ)に象徴される産土(うぶすな)の地霊との交感のなかに自己の原点をみるようになった。「おおかみに蛍が一つ付いていた」が代表句になる。2002年、『東国抄』（2001）により第36回蛇笏(だこつ)賞を受賞。主要句集に『少年』（1955）、『蜿蜿(えんえん)』（1968）、『金子兜太全句集』（1975）、『遊牧集』（1981）、『詩経国風』（1985）、『両神』（1995。詩歌文学館賞受賞）などがあり、全作品から精選した『金子兜太集』（全4巻、2002）がある。

［平井照敏　2018年3月19日］

　銀行員等朝より蛍光す烏賊(いか)のごとく

『『短詩型文学論』（1963・紀伊國屋書店）』▽『『定住漂泊』（1972・春秋社）』▽『『俳童寓話』（1975・北洋社）』▽『『ある庶民考』（1977・合同出版）』▽『『熊猫荘点景』（1981・冬樹社）』▽『『詩経国風　句集』（1985・角川書店）』▽『『皆之　句集』（1986・立風書房）』▽『『熊猫荘俳話』（1987・飯塚書店）』▽『『俳諧有情　金子兜太対談集』（1988・三一書房）』▽『『両神』（1995・立風書房）』▽『『花神コレクション・金子兜太』（1995・花神社）』▽『『エロチシズム』（1996・雄山閣）』▽『『東国抄　句集』（2001・花神社）』▽『『金子兜太集』全4巻（2002・筑摩書房）』▽『『小林一茶　「漂鳥」の俳人』『種田山頭火　漂泊の俳人』（講談社現代新書）』▽『『わが戦後俳句史』（岩波新書）』▽『『黄　金子兜太句集』（ふらんす堂文庫）』▽『『金子兜太　自選三百句』（春陽堂書店・俳句文庫）』▽『『俳句専念』（ちくま新書）』▽『『金子兜太句集』（芸林21世紀文庫）』▽『金子兜太他著、聞き手・黒田杏子『証言・昭和の俳句』上（2002・角川書店）』▽『成井恵子著『俳句の美学』（1992・牧羊社）』▽『鶴岡喜久著『超現実と俳句』（1998・沖積舎）』▽『岡井隆著『前衛短歌運動の渦中で――一歌人の回想（メモワール）』（1998・ながらみ書房、はる書房発売）』▽『倉橋羊村著『私説　現代俳人論』上（1998・東京四季出版）』