...In the past, coal tar was only used as a wood preservative, but as chemical research on the components of coal tar progressed, the way for its industrial use gradually opened up, and from the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century, coal chemistry, centered on coal tar, held an unshakable position as the star of the organic synthetic chemical industry. Looking back at research on the chemical components of coal tar, A. Garden discovered naphthalene in 1819, A.W. von Hoffman succeeded in isolating benzene in 1845, and W.H. Perkin succeeded in synthesizing the mauve dye mauve (aniline purple) from coal tar for the first time in 1856. Following these, from the second half of the 19th century, the synthetic dye and pharmaceutical industries developed, and coal tar became an indispensable and important resource as a basic raw material for these industries. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Garden, A." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…昔は木材の防腐剤などの用途しかなかったが,コールタールの成分に関する化学的研究が進むにつれ,その工業的な利用の道がしだいに開かれ,19世紀から20世紀前半にかけては,コールタールを中心とする石炭化学は有機合成化学工業の花形として不動の地位を占めていた。 コールタールの化学成分の研究を回顧すれば,1819年にA.ガーデンがナフタレンを発見,また45年にA.W.vonホフマンがベンゼンの分離に成功したのをはじめとして,56年にはW.H.パーキンがコールタールから初めてふじ色の染料モーブ(アニリン紫)の合成に成功した。これらに続いて19世紀後半からは合成染料,医薬品工業が発展し,コールタールはその基礎原料として不可欠の重要な資源となったのである。… ※「ガーデン,A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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