Cut and cover method

Japanese: カットアンドカバー工法 - かっとあんどかばーこうほう
Cut and cover method

… [Shigeru Koike]
[Subway Technology]

[Tunnel construction method and shape]
Subway tunnel construction methods are broadly divided into vertical excavation, in which a tunnel is dug from the ground surface down, and horizontal excavation, in which a tunnel is excavated horizontally. The most common of the former is the open cut method (also called the cut and cover method or open cut method), and other methods include the caisson method. Representative horizontal excavation methods are the shield method and the mountain tunnel method.

From [Tunnel]

In recent years, new models have been developed that combine new styles and mechanical excavation methods, such as blind types that do not open the front of the shield, earth pressure balance types that store excavated soil between the face and the shield machine to help the face stand up, and mud types that fill the face with bentonite mud, which balances the earth and water pressure, and excavates while balancing the earth and water pressure.
[Cut and cover method]
The open cut method, also known as the cut and cover method, is a method of constructing a tunnel by digging a trench from above ground, building a tunnel structure at the bottom, and then backfilling it. It is used for shallow tunnels, especially in the construction of subways under city streets and in mountain tunnels where the earth covering (thickness of earth above the tunnel) is thin.

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "cut and cover method" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…【小池 滋】
【地下鉄の技術】

[トンネルの工事方法と形状]
 地下鉄トンネルの工法は,地表面から掘り下げてトンネルをつくる垂直掘削方式と,横孔式にトンネルを掘進する水平掘進方式とに大別される。前者は開削工法(カットアンドカバー工法またはオープンカット工法ともいう)が最も一般的で,ほかにケーソン工法などもこれに属する。水平掘進方式はシールド工法と山岳トンネル工法とがその代表的なものである。…

【トンネル】より

…近年はシールド前面を開放しない,ブラインド型と呼ばれるもの,切羽とシールド機との間に掘削土砂を蓄え,切羽の自立を助けながら掘進する土圧バランス型,あるいは切羽との間にベントナイト泥水を満たし,これで土圧や水圧と均衡させながら掘進する泥水型など,新しい様式と機械式掘削方式を組み合わせた機種の開発が進み,いろいろな施工条件への適合が計られている。シールド工法
[開削工法]
 開削工法はオープンカット工法,あるいはカットアンドカバー工法とも呼ばれ,地上から溝状に掘削を行い,その底にトンネル構造物を建造した後,埋戻しを行ってトンネルを建設する方法である。設置深さの浅いトンネルの場合,とくに都市内街路下に設ける地下鉄道の建設とか,山岳トンネルの坑口部などで土被り(どかぶり)(トンネル上の土の厚さ)の薄い部分に用いられる。…

※「カットアンドカバー工法」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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