Katamochi - Katamochi

Japanese: 型持 - かたもち

...In addition to the technique of "hinerimono" where the original form is made only from wax, there is another method where a mold is made from casting clay, and the mold is covered with wax made from a mixture of beeswax, rosin (to increase viscosity) and oil (to make it flexible) to create the original form, then a mixture of soil and hajiru (clay juice) is spread on top of it, and then a layer of casting clay is applied on top of that to harden it, and after drying, the mold is placed in a furnace and the whole is baked over a fire to burn off the wax inside, and molten copper is poured into the resulting cavity. To prevent the mold from moving during casting, the wax is cut out in appropriate places and a mold support is placed there, or a needle or nail (kogai) is driven into the mold through the wax. If necessary, a core metal is inserted into the mold....

From [Bronze Bell]

...First, two outer halves are made, one for each side separated by the fin, and when the two are put together, clay is filled in to create the shape of a bronze bell. A certain width (the thickness of the finished bronze bell's body) is then scraped off from the surface of the body to create the inner mold. The two outer molds are then put together and the inner mold is fitted into place, and a support called a katamochi (katamotase) is placed between the two to maintain the correct distance between the inner and outer molds. The molten copper (yu) is poured into the mold with the knob side facing down and the bottom side facing up....

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Katamochi" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…原形は蠟のみで形を作る〈ひねりもの〉の技法のほかに，鋳型土で中型を作り，この中型に蜜蠟に松やに(粘力を増すため)や油(柔軟にするため)を合わせた蠟をつけて原形を作り，その上に土と埴汁（はじる）(粘土汁)をまぜた土を塗りかけ，さらにその上を鋳型土で塗り固め，乾かしてから鋳型をかまどに入れて全体を火で焼いて中の蠟を焼きぬき，できた空洞に溶銅を注入する方法がある。中型が鋳造の際に動かないよう適当なところの蠟を切りぬいて型持（かたもち）を置いたり，蠟を通して中型に針，釘(笄（こうがい）)を打つ。中型には必要な場合心金（しんがね）を入れる。…

【銅鐸】より

…まず鰭の部分を境とする半面ずつの外型を2個作り，二つを合わせた中に土をつめ，銅鐸の形状のものを起こし，その身の部分の表面を一定幅(でき上がる銅鐸の身の厚さ)削り取って内型とする。外型二つを合わせて内型をはめこみ，内･外の鋳型の間隔を正しく保つため，両者間に型持（かたもち∥かたもたせ）と呼ぶ支えを置く。鈕の側を下に，裾の側を上に置いた状態で溶けた銅(湯（ゆ）)を注ぐ。…

※「型持」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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