Katakura Group

Japanese: 片倉組 - かたくらぐみ

…Founder of the Katakura Group. Born as the eldest son of Katakura Ichisuke, a wealthy farmer in Kawagishi Village, Suwa County, Shinano Province, he inherited the family headship in 1876. …

From [Raw Silk]

…Mechanical silk-reeling companies also put effort into lowering the purchase price of raw cocoons, which accounted for around 80% of production costs, and conducted joint purchasing of cocoons. Thus, while they were charged large fees and interest by Yokohama raw silk wholesalers and experienced ups and downs, gradually some of them began to expand their businesses, and in 1909, the six major silk-reeling companies, Katakura-gumi, Okaya Goshi, Koguchi-gumi, Yamaju-gumi, Yamaichibayashi-gumi, and Ozawa-gumi (all from the Suwa region), accounted for 12.6% of Yokohama's total shipments, and the number of kettle kettles (female silk-reeling workers) of Katakura-gumi reached 4,282. After World War I, Japan's raw silk exports, mainly to the United States, increased rapidly, reaching approximately 580,000 bales (60 kg bales) in 1929, more than three times the level before the war, far ahead of China and other countries. …

From [Sericulture]

… The First World War was a catalyst for major changes in Japan's sericulture industry. First, hybrid silkworms, created by crossbreeding two of the Japanese, Chinese, and European species, were popularized through the efforts of the Sericulture Research Station, Sanryusha, Katakuragumi, Gunze Silk, and others, and the standardization of silkworm species using superior varieties was realized. This not only dramatically increased the amount of cocoons produced per unit of silkworm egg mass, but also helped improve reeling efficiency, forming the basis for the Japanese silk industry to pull far ahead of the Chinese and Italian silk industries. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Katakura-gumi" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…片倉組の創始者。信濃国諏訪郡川岸村の豪農片倉市助の長男に生まれ，1876年家督を継いだ。…

【生糸】より

…器械製糸家は生産費の8割前後を占める原料繭の購入価格の引下げにも力を注ぎ，共同購繭を行った。こうして横浜生糸売込問屋に多額の手数料や利子をとられ，浮沈を繰り返しながらもしだいに経営を拡大する者が現れ，09年には片倉組，岡谷合資，小口組，山十組，山一林組，尾沢組の六大製糸(いずれも諏訪地方)の横浜出荷量は全体の12.6％を占め，片倉組の釜数＝繰糸女工数は4282に達した。　第1次大戦を画期に日本の生糸輸出はアメリカ向けを中心に急増し，29年には約58万俵(60kg俵)と大戦前の3倍以上の水準に達し，中国その他を大きく引き離した。…

【養蚕】より

…　第1次大戦は日本の養蚕業に大きな変化をもたらす契機となった。まず日本種，中国種，ヨーロッパ種のうちの二つを交配して作った一代交雑蚕種が，蚕業試験場や三竜社，片倉組，郡是製糸その他の努力で普及し，優良品種による蚕種統一が実現されていった。これは単位蚕種量当りの収繭量を急増させたうえ，繰糸能率の向上にも役だち，日本製糸業が中国，イタリア製糸業を大きく引き離す基礎となった。…

※「片倉組」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Katakura Industries Co., Ltd.

>>: Katakura Kagetsuna - Katakura Kagetsuna