Hypomenorrhea

Japanese: 過少月経 - かしょうげっけい(英語表記)Hypomenorrhea
Hypomenorrhea
[What kind of disease is it?]
This refers to a case where the amount of menstrual blood is extremely light. When the menstrual period lasts for less than two days, it is called short menstruation. It is common for both to occur at the same time.
The causes can be divided into organic ones, which involve abnormalities in the uterus, and functional ones, which involve no abnormalities.
■ Organic hypomenorrhea
Possible causes include uterine hypoplasia (poor development of the uterus), tuberculous endometritis, multiple endometrial curettage procedures for abortions, and uterine adhesions (Asherman's syndrome) in which the front and back walls of the uterine cavity become stuck together due to infection after a Caesarean section.
■ Functional hypomenorrhea
It occurs when there is an anovulatory cycle, in which ovulation does not occur, or when there is luteal phase deficiency (``luteal phase deficiency'').
[Treatment]
For uterine hypoplasia which is the cause of organic hypomenorrhea, Kaufmann therapy is performed, in which follicular hormones and luteal hormones are supplemented in the same way as the menstrual cycle, causing periodic bleeding and helping the development of the uterus.
Uterine adhesions are treated by first removing the adhesions, then inserting a contraceptive ring into the uterine cavity to prevent them from re-adhering, and then inducing menstruation with hormone therapy.
For functional hypomenorrhea, just as in the case of amenorrhea ('amenorrhea'), either clomiphene therapy to induce ovulation or Kaufmann therapy to supplement hormones is administered.

Source: Shogakukan Home Medical Library Information

Japanese:
[どんな病気か]
 月経血(げっけいけつ)の量が極端に少ない場合をいいます。月経の持続日数が2日以内のときを過短月経(かたんげっけい)といい、両方が同時におこることもよくあります。
 原因は、子宮に異常のある器質性のものと、異常のない機能性のものに分けられます。
■器質性過少月経(きしつせいかしょうげっけい)
 子宮の発育の悪い子宮発育不全(しきゅうはついくふぜん)、結核性の子宮内膜炎(しきゅうないまくえん)、数度にわたる中絶のための子宮内膜掻爬術(そうはじゅつ)や、帝王切開(ていおうせっかい)後の感染などで子宮内腔(ないくう)の前壁と後壁がくっついてしまう子宮癒着症(ゆちゃくしょう)(アッシャーマン症候群)などが、原因としてあげられます。
■機能性過少月経(きのうせいかしょうげっけい)
 排卵(はいらん)のない無排卵周期症(むはいらんしゅうきしょう)や、黄体機能不全(おうたいきのうふぜん)(「黄体機能不全」)のときにおこります。
[治療]
 器質性過少月経の原因となる子宮発育不全には、卵胞(らんぽう)ホルモンと黄体ホルモンを月経周期と同じように補充するカウフマン療法を行なって、出血を周期的におこすとともに、子宮発育を助けていきます。
 子宮癒着症は、癒着を剥離(はくり)した後、再癒着しないように子宮腔内に避妊リングなどを挿入し、ホルモン療法で月経をおこして治療します。
 機能性過少月経には、無月経(「無月経」)の場合と同じように、排卵をおこすクロミフェン療法か、ホルモンを補充するカウフマン療法を行ないます。

出典 小学館家庭医学館について 情報

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