A bus that charters transportation by vehicle according to the demand of individual clients, or the business that provides such transportation. Under the Japanese Road Transport Law, it is called a general chartered passenger automobile transportation business, and is distinguished from general passenger automobile transportation businesses (taxi, hire car) in that it uses automobiles (i.e., buses) with a vehicle capacity of 11 or more people. A license is granted for a limited business area (passenger departure and arrival points), and fare revisions require the approval of the Minister of Transport (Director of the Land Transport Bureau). There were 1,205 operators in 1990, and most of the public bus operators also hold charter licenses. As the rise in national income has stimulated tourism, the chartered bus business, which is mainly used for tourism, has continued to develop smoothly, but due to the slump in the public bus division since around 1970, each operator currently maintains their bus business by subsidizing the public bus division from the chartered division. In addition, only when it is difficult to operate with a shared license, shared transportation can be carried out with a charter license, and some shared buses in depopulated areas are operated on this basis. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
個々の依頼主の需要に応じて,車両単位で貸切輸送を行うバス,またはその事業。日本の道路運送法では一般貸切旅客自動車運送事業と呼ばれ,車両定員 11人以上の自動車 (すなわちバス) を用いる点で,同じ貸切旅客でも一般乗用旅客自動車運送事業 (タクシー,ハイヤー) とは区別される。事業区域 (旅客の発地・着地) を限って免許が与えられ,運賃改定には運輸大臣 (陸運局長) の認可を必要とする。事業者数は 1990年時で 1205事業者であり,乗合バス事業者の大部分は貸切免許を併有している。国民所得の向上が観光活動を活発化させるに伴い観光が主要利用目的である貸切バス事業は順調な進展を続けているが,70年頃からの乗合バス部門の不振により,各事業者は貸切部門から乗合部門への内部補助によってバス事業を維持しているのが現状である。なお,乗合免許による運行が困難な場合に限り,貸切免許によって乗合輸送を行うことができ,過疎地域の乗合バスの一部はこれによって運行されている。
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