Also known as apparent motion or kinematic motion. A phenomenon in which a stimulus object in a fixed position appears and disappears instantaneously, making it appear as if it is actually moving. There are various types, such as α (alpha), β (beta), and γ (gamma). If a first stimulus object is presented in a certain location for an instant, and then a second stimulus object is presented in a slightly distant location after a certain time interval, the subject perceives it as moving from the first location to the next. This is beta motion, and the movement of photographs and pictures seen in movies is a similar phenomenon. Surprise board The movement of pictures observed when a series of slightly different pictures are presented one after another using a stroboscope is one example. For this reason, beta motion is also called the surprise board illusion or surprise board motion. Alpha motion is a phenomenon in which the main lines of a Muller-Lyer figure, whose main lines are the same length, appear to expand and contract when the outward and inward figures are presented alternately in the same location. Gamma motion is a phenomenon in which a stimulus object, when presented for a short period of time, appears to expand when it appears and contract when it disappears. This apparent movement, especially beta movement, can also occur in touch and hearing. (→Movement perception) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
見かけの運動,キネマ性運動ともいう。一定位置にある刺激対象が,瞬間的に出現したり消失したりすることによって,あたかも実際に運動しているように見える現象。α (アルファ) ,β (ベータ) ,γ (ガンマ) などの種類がある。第1の刺激対象を,瞬間的にある場所に提示したのち,多少の時間間隔をおいて第2の刺激対象を瞬間的にやや離れた場所に提示すると,初めの場所から次の場所へと動きが感じられる。これがベータ運動で,映画でみられる写真や絵の動きはこれと同種の現象である。驚き盤 stroboscopeにより,少しずつ異なった絵の系列を次々に提示した場合に観察される絵の動きもその一つ。このためベータ運動は驚き盤の錯覚,または驚盤運動とも呼ばれる。アルファ運動は,主線が同一の長さをもつミュラー=リヤーの図形の外向図形と内向図形とを同一場所に交互に提示した場合に,その主線が伸び縮みして見える現象。ガンマ運動は,一つの刺激対象を短時間提示した場合に,出現するときには膨張するように,消失するときには収縮するように見える現象をいう。この仮現運動,特にベータ運動は触覚や聴覚でも生じる。 (→運動知覚 )
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