It is a word that refers to thick paper, as opposed to thin paper. When Japanese paper was first made by the tamemizuki method, it was difficult to obtain thin paper, so most of the papers from the Nara period that have been preserved in the Shosoin are thick. The cardboard, which first appeared in the Shosoin documents of 748 (Tenpyo 20), refers to paper that has been made thick by being made particularly thick or pasted together. Therefore, it was only later, when thin paper could be easily made by the nagashizuki method, that cardboard began to be distinguished from thin paper. Hishi paper (ganpi paper), which was easy to adjust the thickness of and which gave rise to the development of the nagashizuki method, was called thin paper (usuyo) (or thin leaf), while thick paper was called thick paper (atsuyo) (atsu leaf). The earliest example of the term "thick" can be found in the Kamakura period Manyo scholar Senkaku. In the Middle Ages, Torinoko paper (ganpi paper), a type of Hishi, was classified into thick, medium, and thin types depending on its thickness, and in the early modern period, cardboard such as kozo paper was also generally referred to as "thick." Paper produced in Mino (Gifu Prefecture), Yamato (Nara Prefecture), Iyo (Ehime Prefecture), Suo (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Tosa (Kochi Prefecture), and Ecchu (Toyama Prefecture) was often used for umbrella paper and tatami paper. [Machida Masayuki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
薄紙に対することばで、厚手の紙のこと。和紙が初め溜(た)め漉(ず)き法によってつくられていたころは、薄手の紙が得にくかったので、正倉院に伝わっている奈良時代の紙はほとんどが厚手のものである。748年(天平20)の『正倉院文書』に初めてみられる厚紙は、とくに厚く漉き上げたり、貼(は)り合わせたりして厚くした紙のことをさしている。したがって、のちに流し漉き法によって薄手の紙が容易に漉き上げられるようになって初めて薄紙に対して厚紙を区別するようになった。流し漉き法開発の端緒を与えた厚さの調節が容易な斐紙(ひし)(雁皮(がんぴ)紙)は、その薄手の紙を薄様(うすよう)(または薄葉)とよぶのに対し、厚手のものを厚様(あつよう)(厚葉)とよんだ。厚様のもっとも早い用例は鎌倉時代の万葉学者僧仙覚(せんかく)にみられる。中世になると、斐紙の系統である鳥の子紙(雁皮紙)を厚さによって厚様、中様、薄様と区別し、近世では一般に楮(こうぞ)紙などの厚紙をも厚様と称するようになった。美濃(みの)(岐阜県)、大和(やまと)(奈良県)、伊予(愛媛県)、周防(すおう)(山口県)、土佐(高知県)、越中(えっちゅう)(富山県)などの産紙が傘紙や畳紙(たとうがみ)などに多く使用された。 [町田誠之] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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