…This idea was passed down to the founders of modern chemistry, and the French J.L. Proust established the Law of Definite Proportions (1799), the British J. Dalton established the Law of Multiple Proportions (1808), and the French J.L. Gay-Lussac established the Law of Gas Reactions (1808), which became the basis for the establishment of modern chemistry based on the concept of atoms and molecules. Currently, chemical reaction equations, which express atoms and molecules in chemical symbols, clearly show the relationship between the quantitative changes of each component that accompanies a chemical reaction. They are also called stoichiometric equations and are used as the basic relationship when dealing with chemical reactions. In addition, the quantitative relationship between various physical properties of substances and their chemical composition and structural formulas has been investigated in detail and presented as empirical laws, and is used as basic knowledge for estimating unknown properties and for theoretical consideration. … *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "stoichiometric equations" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この考えは近代化学の創始者たちに引き継がれ,フランスのJ.L.プルーストによって〈定比例の法則〉(1799),イギリスのJ.ドルトンによって〈倍数比例の法則〉(1808),そしてフランスのJ.L.ゲイ・リュサックによって〈気体反応の法則〉(1808)が確立され,原子・分子の概念による近代化学の確立の基礎となった。現在,原子・分子を化学記号で表した化学反応式は化学反応に伴う各成分の量的変化の関係を明示するもので,化学量論的方程式とも呼ばれ,化学反応を取り扱う場合の基本的関係として使われている。また,さらに広く物質の種々の物理的性質と化学的組成および構造式との量的関係も詳細に調べられ,経験的法則として提出されるようになり,未知の性質の推定や理論的考察のための基礎的知見として利用されている。… ※「化学量論的方程式」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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