Karnataka Wars - Karnataka Wars

Japanese: カルナータカ戦争 - カルナータカせんそう(英語表記)Carnatic Wars
Karnataka Wars - Karnataka Wars
Between 1744 and 1763, Britain and France fought three wars over the possession of the Karnataka region of India. As a result of the wars, Britain established hegemony in southern India, while France focused its efforts on Indochina. In 1639, Britain established its base in Madras, and in 1674, France established its base in Pondicherry, further south, marking the beginning of the struggle for supremacy between Britain and France. In 1740, the War of Austrian Succession broke out, and Britain and France entered a state of war. In 1744, Britain captured a French ship off the coast of Karnataka (called Carnatic in English; Karnataka is a Canarese-speaking region in the Mysore region of southern India, but the British mistakenly used the term to refer to the Madras region), and the French fleet responded by occupying Madras, sparking the outbreak of war. In the first (1744-48) and second (1750-54) wars, France had the upper hand thanks to the efforts of Joseph-Francois Dupleix, but when Dupleix was recalled to England in 1754, Britain gained the upper hand. In the third war (1758-63), Britain occupied Pondicherry. Pondicherry was returned to Britain in the peace treaty of 1763, but British rule over Karnataka was established.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
1744~63年に,インドのカルナータカ地方の領有をめぐってイギリスとフランスが3次にわたって行なった戦争。戦争の結果,イギリスは南インドでの覇権を確立し,フランスはインドシナに力を注ぐことになった。 1639年イギリスはマドラスを,1674年にはフランスがその南のポンディシェリーを根拠地とし,ここに英仏争覇の端が開かれた。 1740年オーストリア継承戦争が起こり,英仏が戦争状態に入ると,1744年カルナータカ (英語でカーナティック。カルナータカは南インドのマイソール地方でカナリー語を話す地域であるが,イギリス人は誤ってマドラス地方をさす語として用いた) 沿海でイギリスがフランス船を捕え,これに対しフランス艦隊がマドラスを占領,戦争が勃発した。第1次 (1744~48) と第2次 (1750~54) の戦争はジョゼフ・フランソア・デュプレクスの活躍でフランスが優勢だったが,1754年デュプレクスが本国に召還されるとイギリスが優位になった。第3次 (1758~63) でイギリスはポンディシェリーを占領。 1763年の講和でポンディシェリーは返還されたが,イギリスのカルナータカ支配が確立した。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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