domestic industry

…Generally, it refers to a small-scale industrial business run mainly by domestic labor in a workshop at home, but historically, it refers to a wholesale-based cottage industry in which raw materials and semi-finished products supplied by merchants (wholesalers) are processed at home for a fee. Since the work is carried out in the worker's "home," it is called a "domestic industry" in English, but since the wholesaler "subcontracts" the work, it is also called a "putting-out system." In that it is based on tools and skills, cottage industries are no different from medieval guilds and handicraft systems, but the introduction of the division of labor was an organizational innovation that brought about increased productivity. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "domestic industry" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…一般的には自宅の作業場で家内労働を中心に営む小規模の工業経営をいうが，歴史的には，商人(問屋)から供給される原材料や半製品を自宅で賃加工する問屋制家内工業を指す。作業が労働者の〈家庭〉で行われるので，英語では〈ドメスティック･インダストリーdomestic industry〉というが，問屋が仕事を〈下請けに出す〉ので〈プッティングアウト･システム〉とも呼ばれる。家内工業は道具と熟練に技術的基礎をおいている点では，中世のギルドや手工業制度と変わらないが，分業を導入した点で一つの組織的な革新であり，生産性の向上をもたらした。…

※「domestic industry」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報