Outer ring - Sotowa

Japanese: 外輪 - そとわ

〘noun〙① The state of pointing one's toes outward. Also, that foot. Outside. ※Revised and expanded Wa-Eigo Rinshusei (1886) "Sotowa (sotowa) no ashi" ※Kado-shamisen (1895)〈Saito Ryokuu〉vol. 14 "There are also Komachi walking outside." ② = sotoguwa (outer wall) ①※Nobunaga-kōki (1598) ch. "At Kiyosu Castle, we take more care to protect the inside of the castle than the outer wall, and it is causing trouble." ③ The outer wall. Gairin.

Gai- ringwai... [outer ring]

〘noun〙① A large wheel attached to both sides or the rear of a ship. The ship is propelled by rotating it. A paddle wheel. *Beio Kairan Jikki (1877) by Kume Kunitake, vol. 1: "It is a steam device with a balance mechanism, and is a paddle wheel ship." ② The outside that forms a circle. The rotation of the outside. *Nihon Fukeiron (1894) by Shiga Shigetaka, vol. 4: "The paddle wheel of the old crater." ③ An iron ring attached to the outside of a wheel.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① つま先を外側にむけるさま。また、その足。そとわに。※改正増補和英語林集成（1886）「Sotowa(ソトワ)ノアシ」※門三味線（1895）〈斎藤緑雨〉一四「そとわに歩く小町もあれば」② ＝そとぐるわ（外郭）①※信長公記（1598）首「清洲の城、外輪より城中を大事と用心、迷惑せられ候」③ 外側の輪。がいりん。