This term was used by British economist A. Marshall to refer to disadvantages that occur outside of economic activity conducted through the market and that have a negative effect on individuals and companies. A typical example of an external diseconomy is the problem of pollution. If there is noise pollution, the residents in the surrounding area will be forced to live an unpleasant life compared to when the pollution did not exist. For the residents, pollution is an external diseconomy because it results in economic disadvantage that is not based on any market principles. In terms of economic policy, the challenge is to eliminate external diseconomy as much as possible, and if possible, to internalize external diseconomy based on market prices. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
イギリスの経済学者 A.マーシャルが用いた言葉で,市場を通じて行われる経済活動の外側で発生する不利益が,個人,企業に悪い効果を与えることをいう。外部不経済の代表的な例としては公害問題がある。かりに騒音公害があったとすると,その周辺の住民はその公害がなかったときに比べ不愉快な生活を強いられることになる。住民にとって公害は,なんら市場原理に基づかない経済的不利益をこうむることになるので外部不経済となる。経済政策的には,外部不経済をできるだけなくすこと,できれば外部不経済を市場価格に基づいて内部経済化することが課題とされている。
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