...Traditional classification in biology was limited to relatively easily observable traits and aimed at subjective phylogenetic classification, but with the advancement of cluster analysis techniques in the 1960s, there was an increasing demand for unbiased classification using all attributes that represent individual characteristics, and it has been used extensively in areas ranging from traditional tasks such as horse and rice classification to land use classification and regional classification using aerial satellite photographs. Various methods have been proposed for cluster analysis, but they can be broadly divided into hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods. Hierarchical methods seek to create a hierarchical structure of clusters in the same way that the evolution of animals is represented in a dendrogram, and a series of methods such as the group average method, Ward's method, centroid method, shortest distance method, and longest distance method are often used. ... *Some of the terminology used in the "hierarchical approach" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…従来の生物学などでの分類は比較的簡単に観察できる形質に限定して主観的な系統分類が目的であったが,1960年代でのクラスター分析手法の進歩に伴って,個体の特徴を表すあらゆる属性を用いて先入観のない立場からの分類をしたいという要求が高まり,馬の分類,稲の分類といった旧来の課題から,航空衛星写真による土地利用形態分類や地域分類などさかんに利用されてきている。クラスター分析には多様な手法が提案されているが,大きくは階層的手法と非階層的手法に分けられる。階層的手法は動物の進化を樹形図(デンドログラムdendrogram)に表現するようにクラスターの階層構造を求めるもので,群平均法,ウォード法,重心法,最短距離法,最長距離法など一連の手法がよく用いられる。… ※「階層的手法」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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