Strata deposited on the ocean floor. Marine sediments are divided into shallow sea, bathyal, deep sea, and deep sea deposits depending on the depth of the ocean floor where they were deposited. Shallow marine deposits are found on the continental shelf from the intertidal zone to a depth of about 200 meters, and consist of terrestrial materials such as gravel, sand, and mud carried by waves, tides, and ocean currents. If this terrestrial material were not supplied, the remains of organisms such as coral and calcareous algae would accumulate (in other words, the accumulation of biological remains does not progress due to the supply of terrestrial materials). The bathyal deposits are found on the continental slope between the edge of the continental shelf and the ocean floor at depths of 200 to 2000 metres and consist of fine-grained material of terrestrial origin. Deep-sea deposits are found at depths of more than 2,000 meters, and at the ocean floor, which has an average depth of 4,000 meters, they consist of soft mud and red clay containing the remains of planktonic organisms, known as pelagic sediments. Deep-sea deposits are found in trenches and troughs deeper than the ocean floor and consist of terrestrial sediments carried by turbidity currents (turbidity currents). [Akihiro Murata] "Atlas of Marine Sediments of Japan" edited by Kazuyuki Koike and Hiroshi Machida (including 3 CD-ROMs) (2001, University of Tokyo Press) [References] | | | | | | | shelf|Geological | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
海洋底に堆積(たいせき)した地層。海成層は、堆積した海洋底の水深により、浅海、半深海、深海、超深海の各堆積物に分けられる。 浅海堆積物は潮間帯から水深約200メートルまでの大陸棚上のものであり、波や潮流、海流によって運ばれた礫(れき)、砂、泥の陸源物質からなる。もし、この陸源物質が供給されないと、サンゴや石灰藻などの生物遺骸(いがい)が堆積していくことになる(つまり、陸源物質が供給されるから、生物遺骸の堆積が進まないでいる)。 半深海堆積物は大陸棚外縁と大洋底の間の水深200~2000メートルの大陸斜面のもので、陸源細粒物質からなる。 深海堆積物は2000メートル以深のもので、平均水深4000メートルの大洋底では、遠洋性堆積物とよばれる浮遊性生物遺骸が集積した軟泥や赤色粘土からなる。 超深海堆積物は大洋底よりも深い海溝やトラフのものであり、混濁流(乱泥流)によってもたらされた陸源堆積物からなる。 [村田明広] 『小池一之・町田洋編『日本の海成層アトラス』(CD-ROM3枚含む)(2001・東京大学出版会)』 [参照項目] | | | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
<<: Marine terrace - Marine terrace
>>: Kaisei Stone Sutra - Kaisei Stone Sutra
...However, there are three ways of opening the m...
This river flows through the center of Yamaguchi ...
→ Angle of repose Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia ...
A family of printers who settled in the northern F...
The capital of the Republic of Chuvashia in the w...
...Such intrinsic factors may be emics, or inhere...
When an object rotates uniformly around a fixed po...
…Since the beginning of mankind, there have been ...
…A general term for mollusks belonging to the cla...
...Population: 327,865 (1990). Official name: Tol...
…The angle of rotation θ of the plane of polariza...
An animal of the order Artiodactyla, family Bovid...
These islands are located at the southernmost tip...
A fish market is a place or facility that special...
A device used to accurately read fractions of a d...