Kaixi Jorgensen - Kaisei Jorgensen

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[Before entering the customs]

[The Rise of the Manchus]
The Manchus are a Tungusic-speaking people originally from the eastern mountainous region of northeast China, and are descendants of the Jurchens who founded the Jin Dynasty in the 12th century. During the Ming Dynasty, they were called the Jurchens, and were divided into three groups: the Haixi Jurchens who lived in the Changchun and Harbin area, the Jianzhou Jurchens in the mountains east of Liaoyang, and the Yajin Jurchens who lived in the Primorsky region to the northeast. Each group was indirectly controlled by the Ming Dynasty. Nurhaci (弩蓈ｑ, ぬ擈瓈瓷), founder of the Qing Dynasty, was from a noble Jianzhou Jurchen clan with the surname Aisin Gioro (Aisin Gioro).

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Haixi Jorgensen" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

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【入関前】

［満州族の興起］
　満州族は，東北の東部山地を原住地とするツングース語系の民族で，かつて12世紀に金朝を建てた女真族の後裔である。明代には女直（じよちよく）とよばれ，長春，ハルビン(哈爾浜)一帯に住む海西（かいせい）女直，遼陽の東方山地の建州女直，その東北方奥地である沿海州一帯に住む野人（やじん）女直の三大部にわかれ，それぞれ明朝の間接的統制を受けていた。清朝の創始者である太祖ヌルハチ(弩爾哈斉，奴児哈赤)は，姓をアイシンギョロ(愛新覚羅（あいしんかくら）)という建州女直の名族の出身であった。…

※「海西女直」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報