Kariya Ekisai - Kariya Ekisai

A scholar of Japanese classics in the late Edo period. Born on December 1, 1271. Son of Takahashi Takatoshi, owner of the bookshop Seishodo in Nakacho, Ikenohata, Shitaya, Edo. His first name was Masayasu. At the age of 25, he succeeded the Kariya family, a merchant in Yushima who assisted the Tsugaru domain, and changed his name to Mochiyuki, calling himself Tsugaruya Sanemon. Ekisai was a pen name (he adopted it as his nickname after retiring at age 41). His other pen name was Gyukoro. From around the age of 20, he aimed to study ancient systems, and wrote works such as Honcho Doryo Kensho Ko (year of establishment unknown), a study of weights and measures, and Kokyo Ibun (preface established in 1818), a collection of epigraphic inscriptions that supplement the records in historical records. He also inherited the style of textual criticism advocated by Yoshida Koton, and adopted the methods of Qing dynasty textual criticism, making particularly outstanding achievements in the field of textual criticism (research into the text), such as "Nihonkoku Genpo Zenakuryoiki Kosho" (published in 1821) and "Wamyo Ruijusho Senchu" (also known as "Senchu ​​Wamyō Ruijusho"; preface completed in 1827). He also organized the "Kyūkourō Exhibition" (a meeting where valuable books are brought together for research and examination) with Yashiro Hirokata and others, contributing to the advancement of bibliographical studies, and was also known as a calligrapher and collector of antiques such as old coins. He died on July 4th, leap year 6 of the Tenpo era, at the age of 61. His gravestone is currently on display at Hofuku-ji Temple in Sugamo, Toshima Ward, Tokyo. His manuscripts are held in the Seikado Bunko, Daitokyu Memorial Bunko, the National Diet Library, the National Archives of Japan, and other institutions.

[Umetani Fumio]

"The Complete Works of Kariya Ekisai, 9 volumes (included in the Complete Works of Japanese Classics, 1925-28, Dosho Kankokai)" ▽ "Kawase Kazuma's Study of Japanese Bibliography (1943, Kodansha)" ▽ "Kawase Kazuma's Study of Japanese Bibliography (continued) (1980, Yushodo)" ▽ "Miscellaneous Notes of Kariya Ekisai" (included in Mori Senzo Collected Works 7, 1971, Chuokoron-Shinsha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸後期の国学者。安永(あんえい)4年12月1日生まれ。江戸・下谷(したや)池之端仲町の本屋青裳堂(せいしょうどう)高橋高敏の子。初名真末(まさやす)。25歳、湯島の津軽藩御用商人狩谷家を嗣(つ)ぎ、名を望之(もちゆき)と改め、津軽屋三右衛門を称す。棭斎は号（41歳隠居後通称とする）。別号を求古楼。20歳ごろから上代の制度の研究を志し、度量衡に関する考証『本朝度量権衡考』（成立年未詳）や、史書の記載を補う金石文を集めて考証した『古京遺文』（1818序成立）などを著す。また、吉田篁墩(こうとん)が提唱した校勘学を継承し、清朝(しんちょう)考証学の方法を取り入れて、『日本国現報善悪霊異記考証』（1821刊）、『和名類聚抄箋注(わみょうるいじゅしょうせんちゅう)』（『箋注倭名類聚抄』とも。1827序成立）など、校勘（本文研究）の分野でとくに優れた業績を残す。また、屋代弘賢(やしろひろかた)らと求古楼展観（貴重書を持ち寄って調査・検討する会）を催し、書誌学の進歩に貢献したほか、書家、古銭など古器物の蒐集(しゅうしゅう)家としても知られる。天保(てんぽう)6年閏(うるう)7月4日没。61歳。墓碑は東京都豊島(としま)区巣鴨(すがも)の法福寺に現存。稿本類は静嘉堂(せいかどう)文庫、大東急記念文庫、国立国会図書館、国立公文書館などに所蔵。

［梅谷文夫］

『『狩谷棭斎全集』9冊（『日本古典全集』所収・1925～28・同書刊行会）』▽『川瀬一馬著『日本書誌学之研究』（1943・講談社）』▽『川瀬一馬著『続日本書誌学之研究』（1980・雄松堂）』▽『「狩谷棭斎雑記」（『森銑三著作集7』所収・1971・中央公論社）』

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