Hudson Bay - Hudson Bay

Japanese: ハドソン湾 - はどそんわん(英語表記)Hudson Bay
Hudson Bay - Hudson Bay

A large bay in northeastern Canada. In the broad sense, it includes Hudson Bay in the narrow sense, James Bay in the south, Foxe Strait and Foxe Bay in the north, and Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay in the northeast. Its area is about 1,243,200 square kilometers (647,000 square kilometers in the narrow sense). The water depth in the main part is 40 to 180 meters, but in some parts near Hudson Strait it can reach 870 meters. In Foxe Bay and James Bay, it is shallow, less than 60 meters. The water in the bay is low in salinity due to the inflow of rivers. Almost the entire area of ​​Hudson Bay in the narrow sense is covered with pack ice in winter, and a fast ice belt forms along the coast. The ice begins to melt in May and disappears by mid-September. Drift ice can be seen all year round in Foxe Bay in the north. The coastal area is the Canadian Shield, with many gently undulating lakes, except for the Hudson Bay coastal lowlands to the southwest. The southern end of James Bay is forest tundra, while the rest of the area is shrub and lichen tundra. It was discovered in 1610 by the Englishman Henry Hudson, who gave it his name, and it was under the control of the British Hudson's Bay Company for 200 years, from 1670 to 1869.

[Otake Kazuhiko]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

カナダ北東部の大きな湾。広義には、狭義のハドソン湾に南のジェームズ湾、北のフォックス海峡、フォックス湾、北東のハドソン海峡、アンガバ湾を含む。面積約124万3200平方キロメートル(狭義では64万7000平方キロメートル)。主要部の水深は40~180メートルであるが、ハドソン海峡付近では870メートルに達する部分がある。フォックス湾、ジェームズ湾では60メートル以下と浅い。湾内の水は河川の流入により塩分が少ない。狭義のハドソン湾のほとんど全域は冬季パックアイス(流氷)に覆われ、海岸沿いに定着氷帯ができる。氷は5月になると融(と)け始め、9月中旬にはなくなる。北のフォックス湾では1年を通じ流氷がみられる。沿岸の地域は、南西にハドソン湾岸低地が広がるほかは、緩やかな起伏をもつ湖の多いカナダ楯状地(たてじょうち)で、南端のジェームズ湾岸は森林ツンドラ、それ以外は低木・地衣ツンドラ地域である。1610年にイギリスのヘンリー・ハドソンにより発見され、この名がつけられ、1670~1869年の200年間はイギリスのハドソン湾会社の支配下にあった。

[大竹一彦]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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