Callimachos - Kallimachos

Japanese: カリマコス - かりまこす(英語表記)Kallimachos
Callimachos - Kallimachos

An ancient Greek poet and scholar. Born in Cyrene in Africa, he became the librarian at the Library of Alexandria and was under the patronage of Ptolemy II. As a scholar, he organized and classified outstanding achievements in all fields of Greek learning, compiled them into a catalogue of 120 volumes, and wrote studies on dramatic poets and several dictionaries. His poetry covered a wide range of genres, including hymns, elegies, ambiguous poems, miniature epics, and epigrams. Only hymns and epigrams remain in manuscript, but numerous papyrus fragments have also been discovered.

His representative work is the four volumes of the Aetia (fragments remain), which sing of the origins of local festivals and customs. It features skillful composition, varied verses, and scholarly research into mythology, history, and geography. He valued polished short pieces and was a scathing critic of long epic poems. He is also said to have debated with his student Apollonius over literary theory. He also had a great influence on Roman poets.

[Michio Oka]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

古代ギリシアの詩人、学者。アフリカのキレネの出身。アレクサンドリアの図書館の司書となり、プトレマイオス2世の恩顧を受けた。学者としては、ギリシアのあらゆる学問分野における優れた業績を整理分類し、これを120巻からなる目録にまとめ、劇詩人などの研究や数種類の辞典を著した。彼の詩は、賛歌、エレゲイア詩、イアンボス詩、小叙事詩、短詩(エピグラム)など広い領域にわたっていた。写本に伝わるのは賛歌と短詩のみであるが、そのほかに多数のパピルス断片が発見されている。

 代表作は各地の祭礼や習俗の縁起を歌った『アイティア』4巻(断片残存)。そこには技巧的な構成や変化に富む詩句、神話・歴史・地誌などの学問的考証がみられる。彼は磨かれた小品を重んじ、長大な叙事詩を痛烈に批判した。また文学理論をめぐり弟子のアポロニオスと論争したといわれる。ローマの詩人にも大きな影響を与えた。

[岡 道男]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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