Although it appears to be a form of constitutionalism, in reality it is a political form that denies it. The constitution does not guarantee national sovereignty or basic human rights, the Diet, especially the Lower House, is not the national decision-making body, and the Cabinet is not responsible to the Diet. It is a political form that aims to create a government-dominated bureaucratic state that stifles democratic tendencies. This can be seen in the Prussian Constitution enacted in 1850, and the Imperial German Constitution, which is an extension of this, as well as the constitutions of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Spain, and Portugal. Japan's Meiji Constitution also belongs to this category. Source: Obunsha World History Dictionary, Third Edition About Obunsha World History Dictionary, Third Edition |
外見は立憲主義の形態をとるように見えながら,実際はそれを否定する政治形態 憲法に国民主権や基本的人権の保障がなく,国会,特に下院が国家の意思決定機関でなく,内閣が国会に対して責任を負わない政治形態で,民主的な傾向を阻害する政府優位の官僚国家を指向するものである。1850年に制定されたプロイセン憲法,その延長線上にあるドイツ帝国憲法や,オーストリア−ハンガリー帝国・スペイン・ポルトガル諸国の憲法に見られる。日本の明治憲法もこれに属する。 出典 旺文社世界史事典 三訂版旺文社世界史事典 三訂版について 情報 |
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