Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich

Japanese: カリーニン（英語表記）Kalinin， Mikhail Ivanovich

Born: 7/19/1875, Verkhnyayatroitsa, Tver
Died June 3, 1946. Soviet politician in Moscow. Born to a peasant family, he later moved to St. Petersburg and worked as a lathe operator. In 1898, he joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. He was involved in underground revolutionary movements and was imprisoned several times. In 1912, he was selected as a candidate for the party's Central Committee and participated in the founding of the newspaper Pravda. He participated in the February Revolution and the October Revolution, and became mayor of St. Petersburg after the revolutions. In 1919, he became chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and in 1922, after the establishment of the Soviet Union, he became chairman of the Central Executive Committee. He held important positions, including member of the Politburo in 1926 and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (head of state) from 1938 to 1946. He was buried in Red Square after his death. He was awarded the Order of Lenin twice, the Order of the Red Banner twice, and the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.

Kalinin

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Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1875.11.7/19. ベルフニャヤトロイツァ，トベリ
[没]1946.6.3. モスクワ
ソ連の政治家。農民の出身であるが，のちペテルブルグに出て旋盤工として働き，1898年ロシア社会民主労働党に入党。地下革命運動を行い，たびたび投獄された。 1912年には党中央委員候補に選ばれ『プラウダ』紙創刊に参画。二月革命，十月革命に参加し，革命後ペテルブルグ市長に就任した。 19年全ロシア中央執行委員会議長，ソ連邦成立後の 22年中央執行委員会議長。 26年政治局員，38～46年ソ連最高会議幹部会議長 (国家元首) などの要職を占め，死後は赤の広場に葬られた。レーニン勲章2回，赤旗勲章2回を受章したほか，社会主義労働英雄の称号を受けた。