Warm front - Ondanzensen

Japanese: 温暖前線 - おんだんぜんせん
Warm front - Ondanzensen

A front in which the warm air mass is dominant and moves toward the cold air mass. The warm air mass rises above the cold air mass along the frontal surface, and stratus clouds form. Cirrus clouds appear about 1,000 kilometers ahead of the warm front, and as the warm front approaches, the cloud base gradually becomes lower, becoming altostratus and nimbostratus, and about 400 kilometers ahead of the warm front, it turns into rain or snow. The precipitation is weak, but the area of ​​precipitation is wide. When the warm front passes, the rain almost stops. Generally, when a warm front passes, the temperature and humidity rise, and the wind direction changes clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere. Also, the air pressure gradually decreases as the warm front approaches, and gradually increases again after it has passed. However, the inclination of the warm front with respect to the earth's surface is about 1 in 150, that is, 1 kilometer vertically for every 150 kilometers horizontally, so the layer of cold air ahead is thin and easily altered, and changes in temperature and wind direction when the warm front passes are often unclear. Warm fronts are active near the center of low pressure systems.

[Yo Narumura]

[Reference] | Cold front

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

前線のうち暖気団のほうが優勢で寒気団側へ進んでゆく前線。暖気団は前線面に沿って寒気団の上に上昇し、層雲系の雲が発生する。温暖前線の進行前面およそ1000キロメートルぐらいから巻雲(けんうん)が現れ、温暖前線に近づくにつれ高層雲、乱層雲と雲底がどんどん低くなり、温暖前線の前面およそ400キロメートルぐらいから雨や雪となる。降水の強度は弱いが、降水範囲は広い。温暖前線が通過すると雨はほとんどやむ。一般的には、温暖前線が通過すると、気温や湿度は上昇し、北半球では風向が時計回りに変わる。また気圧は、温暖前線が近づくにつれ緩やかに下がり、通過後はまた緩やかに上がる。しかし、温暖前線は地表面との傾きがおよそ150分の1すなわち、水平方向150キロメートルに対して垂直方向1キロメートルと緩やかで、前方の寒気の層が薄く変質しやすく、温暖前線通過の際の気温や風向などの変化が不明瞭(ふめいりょう)なことも多い。温暖前線が活発なのは低気圧の中心に近い所である。

[饒村 曜]

[参照項目] | 寒冷前線

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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