Tone level - Onseicho

…Thai has three levels of pitch: high [mái] (tree), middle [mai] (mile), and low [mài] (new), and further there are rising [mǎi] (silkworm) and falling [mâi] (burning). Those with a certain pitch, as in the first three examples, are called positional tones, and those whose pitch moves up and down, as in the last two examples, are called displacement tones. Chinese has four tones: rising [ma] (ma), falling [ma] (hemp), and falling-rising [ma] (horse) in addition to rising [ma] (ma). …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "pitch tone" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…タイ語には，高[mái]〈木〉，中[mai]〈マイル〉，低[mài]〈新しい〉と3段の高さがあり，さらに上昇[mǎi]〈蚕〉と下降[mâi]〈燃える〉の別がある。前の三つの例のようにある一定の高さをもつものを音位声調，後の二つの例のように高さが上下の方向に移動するものを変位声調という。中国語は上[ma]〈媽〉と共に上昇[ma]〈麻〉と下降[ma]〈〉それに下降上昇[ma]〈馬〉の四声をもつ。…

※「音位声調」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報