When a certain sound or sound sequence tends to have a specific meaning in a certain language system, this is called phonetic symbolism. For example, many English words with the initial sound gl-, such as glare, gleam, glisten, glitter, and glow, express light and brilliance, while many English words with the initial sound sl-, such as slack, slick, slide, slime, slip, slow, and slug, express stickiness, slipperiness, and sluggishness. Another example of phonetic symbolism is the specialization of meaning by contrasting voiceless and voiced sounds, such as tori for dori and tama for dama. It can also be used more broadly to include onomatopoeia and mimetic words. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ある言語体系で,特定の音や音連続に特定の意味が結びつく傾向があるとき,そのことを音象徴という。たとえば英語で gl-の語頭音をもつ単語には glare,gleam,glisten,glitter,glowなど光,輝きを表わすものが多く,sl-の語頭音をもつ単語には slack,slick,slide,slime,slip,slow,slugなど粘り,滑り,緩慢を表わす単語が多いなど。日本語でトリに対してドリ,タマに対してダマのように無声と有声との対立により意味の特殊化を行うような場合も音象徴の例とみられる。なお,より広く,擬声語や擬態語を含めることもある。
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