Om - On

Japanese: 唵 - おん
Om - On

A transliteration of the Sanskrit word 'Om'. It has been considered a sacred sound since ancient India, originally an interjection to call upon the gods, but eventually came to be added to the beginning of various incantations and mantras, and then, as these incantations and mantras were adopted into esoteric Buddhism, it found its way into Buddhism. This sound can be broken down into three syllables, a, u, and ma, and is used to represent the three elements, such as heaven, earth, and sky, heat, water, and food, and the three gods Vishnu, Shiva, and Brahma, or is combined again to form a sacred sound symbolizing the universal reality of Brahman = Atman, and contemplation of this sound is expected to lead to return to reality and attain liberation. In Buddhism, it is used as the first sound of esoteric mantras and mantras, such as 'Onabiraunken', for the purpose of homage or offerings, or is said to represent the three bodies of the Buddha: Dharmakaya, Sambhogakaya and Manifesto.

[Shinichi Tsuda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

サンスクリット語のオームoの音写。インド古来より神聖なる音声と考えられてきたもので、本来は、神々に対する呼びかけの間投詞であったが、やがて各種の呪句(じゅく)や真言(しんごん)(マントラ)の初めに付せられるようになり、それら呪句、真言が密教に取り入れられたのに乗じて、仏教に流入した。この音はa, u, maの3音節に分解できるので、3要素よりなるもの、たとえば天・地・空、熱・水・食物、ビシュヌ・シバ・ブラフマーの3神などに配され、あるいはふたたび総合されて全一普遍の実在ブラフマン=アートマンを象徴する聖音とされ、その念想によって実在への帰入、解脱(げだつ)が期せられることになった。仏教では、「唵阿毘羅吽欠(おんあびらうんけん)」などのように密教の真言や陀羅尼(だらに)の初音として用い、帰命(きみょう)、供養(くよう)のため、あるいは法身・報身・応身の仏の三身を意味するものとされている。

[津田眞一]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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