It is a stable hydrocarbon with a cage structure in which four cyclohexane rings with chair structures are condensed (Figure 1). The bond angles of all carbon atoms are 109.5 degrees, which is almost the same as the theoretical value (109.5 degrees) for a regular tetrahedral structure with sp3 hybrid orbitals. The bond distance between carbon atoms is also 1.54 Å, which is the theoretical value for a single bond. This almost distortion-free molecular structure is consistent with the repeating unit structure of the crystal structure of diamond, which is made up of only carbon atoms (Figure 2). The name adamantane comes from the Latin word adamas (invincible), which is the origin of the word diamond. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
いす形構造のシクロヘキサン環が4個縮合した,かご形構造を有する安定な炭化水素(図1)。すべての炭素原子の結合角は109.5度であり,ほぼsp3混成軌道の正四面体構造の理論値(109.5度)と一致している。また炭素と炭素との結合距離も1.54Åであり,単結合の理論値に一致する。このほとんどひずみのない分子構造は,炭素原子だけから成るダイヤモンドの結晶構造の繰返し単位構造と一致している(図2)。アダマンタンの名は,このダイヤモンドの語源であるラテン語のadamas(無敵の)に由来する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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