Okroshka - Okuroshka

Japanese: オクローシカ - おくろーしか

...In any case, the recipe is relatively simple, so kvass is made at home in Russia, but in recent years it has been mass-produced in specialized factories in cities, and in summer, tankers made just for kvass can be seen everywhere. Not only is it drunk as is after being thoroughly cooled, but it is also often used as a base for a chilled soup called okroshka. Canned kvass is exported abroad.

From Russia

...Today, except in special cases, there is little difference between urban and rural clothing, and traditional clothing styles and embroidery designs have been incorporated into urban fashion.
[Black bread and pie]
Until relatively recently, the staple food of the peasants was black bread, potatoes, and porridge (kasha) made from various grains. Soups included shchi, which was made with pickled cabbage, borsch, which was colored red with tomatoes and sugar beets, and tyurya and okroshka, which were based on kvass. In the Russian Orthodox Church, Wednesdays and Fridays were fasting days even during normal times, and long periods of fasting were set before major festivals such as Easter and Christmas, during which eating meat was prohibited.

From [Russian Cuisine]

...Foods known to Russians since ancient times include black bread made from rye, porridge made from various grains (kasha), and kissel, a jelly made from starch, which appear in chronicles from the 12th century onwards. Drinks such as kvass, made from fermented malt, mead, and beer were popular, with vodka joining them somewhat later. Various meats, birds, and fish were also eaten from early times, but caviar, which is sturgeon eggs, was not fully incorporated into Russian cuisine until the lower reaches of the Volga River, which flows into the Caspian Sea, were incorporated into Russian territory in the second half of the 16th century.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Okroshka" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…いずれにしても製法が比較的簡単であるので，ロシアでは家庭でもつくられるが，近年都会では専門の工場で大量に生産され，夏になるとクワス専用のタンク車が随所に見かけられるようになった。十分冷やしたものをそのまま飲用するばかりでなく，オクローシカと呼ばれる冷やしスープのベースとしてもしばしば用いられる。缶詰が外国へ輸出されている。…

【ロシア】より

…現在では特別な場合を除き都市と農村の服装のあいだに大きな差はなく，伝統的な衣服のスタイルやししゅうのデザインなどは，都会のファッションの中に取り入れられている。
［黒パンとピローグ］
　農民の主食は比較的最近まで黒パンとジャガイモ，それに各種の穀物でつくる粥(カーシャkasha)であり，スープには酢漬けのキャベツを具とするシチーshchi，トマトとテンサイで赤い色をつけたボルシチ，クワスをベースとするチューリャtyuryaやオクローシカokroshkaなどがあった。ロシア正教ではふだんでも水曜日と金曜日は精進日とされ，復活祭やキリスト降誕節(クリスマス)のような大きな祭りの前には長い斎戒期が設けられていて，その間は肉食が禁止された。…

【ロシア料理】より

…古くからロシア人の食べ物として知られたのは，ライ麦からつくる黒パン，各種の穀物の粥(カーシャ)，デンプンを用いるゼリー状のキセーリなどで，これらは12世紀以降の年代記などにあらわれる。飲物としては麦芽を発酵させてつくるクワス，蜜酒，ビールが愛好され，ややおくれてウォッカがこれに加わった。各種の獣肉，鳥，魚も早くから食されたが，チョウザメの卵であるキャビアが本格的にロシア料理に取り入れられたのは，16世紀後半にカスピ海に注ぐボルガ川の下流がロシアの領土に組み入れられてからである。…

※「オクローシカ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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