Ono Domain - Ohnohan

A Fudai domain with a 40,000 koku stipend based in Ono District, Echizen Province (Ono City, Fukui Prefecture). The domain's lord was the Doi clan. The domain's territory consisted of 92 villages in the three Echizen districts, with the majority of the 78 villages in Ono District, the rest being 13 villages in Nyu District and 1 village in Asuwa District. It began in 1575 (Tensho 3) when Oda Nobunaga subjugated the Ikko Ikki in Echizen, giving two-thirds of Ono District to his subordinate, Kanamori Nagachika, and had him build his castle in Ono Kameyama. After Kanamori was transferred to Takayama in Hida (Gifu Prefecture), the Aoki, Hasegawa, and Oda generals under Toyotomi Hideyoshi became the castle lords. After the Battle of Sekigahara, Yuki Hideyasu, the founder of the Fukui domain, became the lord of Echizen Province and appointed his senior vassals as castle lords. After 1624 (Kan'ei 1), Hideyasu's sons Matsudaira Naomasa, Naomoto, and Naoyoshi were successively given 50,000 koku of land as branch lords. After Naora's death, his son Naoaki inherited the domain, but in 1682 (Tenwa 2), he was transferred to Akashi in Harima (Hyogo Prefecture), and after Naoaki, Toshifusa, the fourth son of Doi Toshikatsu, moved from Ashikaga in Shimotsuke (Tochigi Prefecture) and held a fief of 40,000 koku. The lord established himself here, and the Doi clan ruled for 190 years and eight generations.

Of his reign, the seventh lord, Toshitada (1811-1868), was noted for the reforms he made in the domain's government. In order to improve the domain's financial situation and develop human resources, he began reforms in 1842 (Tenpo 13), which led to the promotion of industry and the renewal of education. In terms of industry, he encouraged domestic production, setting up domain stores such as Onoya all over the country and succeeding in implementing mercantilist policies to enrich the country. In terms of education, he particularly encouraged Western studies, founding the Dutch Studies School in 1856 (Ansei 3). He also developed Kita Ezochi (Karafuto), and in 1860 (Man'en 1) he received permission from the shogunate to make the area a quasi-fief. The feudal domain was abolished in 1871 (Meiji 4), and the area was divided into the prefectures of Ono, Fukui, Asuwa, Tsuruga, and Ishikawa, before being incorporated into the newly established Fukui Prefecture in 1881.

[Shigeki Funazawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

越前(えちぜん)国大野郡（福井県大野市）に本拠を置く4万石の譜代(ふだい)藩。藩主土井(どい)氏。藩領域は越前三郡92か村、大部分が大野郡内で78か村、他は丹生(にふ)郡13か村と足羽(あすわ)郡に1村であった。1575年（天正3）織田信長が越前の一向一揆(いっこういっき)を平定したおり、部将金森長近(かなもりながちか)に大野郡の3分の2を与え、居城を大野亀山(かめやま)に築かせたことに始まる。金森が飛騨(ひだ)（岐阜県）高山(たかやま)へ転出後、豊臣(とよとみ)秀吉麾下(きか)の青木、長谷川、織田の諸将が城主となった。関ヶ原の戦い後、福井藩祖結城秀康(ゆうきひでやす)が越前国主となって重臣を城代として配置、1624年（寛永1）以降は秀康の男松平直政(なおまさ)、同直基(なおもと)、同直良(なおよし)が相次いで支藩主として5万石を領した。直良没後は子の直明(なおあき)が相続したが、1682年（天和2）播磨(はりま)（兵庫県）明石(あかし)に転封、直明のあとには土井利勝(としかつ)の四男利房(としふさ)が下野(しもつけ)（栃木県）足利(あしかが)より入封して4万石を領有した。ここにおいて領主は定着し、以後土井氏が8代、190年にわたって統治した。

　その治政では7代利忠(としただ)（1811―1868）の藩政改革が注目される。藩の窮乏を立て直し、人材を育成するため、1842年（天保13）に改革に着手、産業の振興、教学の刷新に成果をあげた。産業面では国産を奨励して藩店大野屋を各地に設け、重商主義的富国策に成功、教学面ではとくに洋学を督励して1856年（安政3）蘭学館(らんがくかん)を創設した。また、北蝦夷地(きたえぞち)（樺太(からふと)）の開拓を行い、1860年（万延1）幕府の許可を得て同地を準領地としている。1871年（明治4）廃藩、大野・福井・足羽・敦賀(つるが)・石川各県を経て、1881年再置の福井県に編入された。

［舟澤茂樹］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例