A deciduous shrub of the Lauraceae family (APG classification: Lauraceae). It usually grows in mountainous areas and can reach a height of 3 meters. The bark is gray-brown with lenticels, and the young branches are green. The leaves are thin but strong, glossy, ovate, 4-9 cm long, pinnately venous, and unserrated. The flowers bloom in March and April before the leaves appear, in small umbels that grow in pairs from the base of short branches and are pale yellow-green in color. Dioecious. The fruits are large and globular, 1.5 cm in diameter. Unlike other Kuromoji plants, they split open to release a single seed. Due to this characteristic, some say that it should be considered a separate genus from Shiromoji. The name comes from the fact that oil is extracted from the fruits and that the wood contains oil and burns well. "Chang" is a play on the English word for bitumen, "Chian turpentine." It is distributed from Honshu to Kyushu, the Korean Peninsula, and central China. [Yuichi Kadota, August 21, 2018] In March and April, pale yellow-green umbels bloom before the leaves appear. Because the green wood burns well, it was also used as firewood. ©Shogakukan Photo by Hideyuki Asakura "> Abrachan Flower It is large and spherical, with a diameter of 1.5 cm. It ripens to a yellowish brown color in September and October, splitting open to release a single seed. ©Seishohmaru "> Abrachan Fruit Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
クスノキ科(APG分類:クスノキ科)の落葉低木。山地に普通に生え、高さ3メートルに達する。樹皮は灰褐色で皮目があり、若枝は緑色。葉は、質は薄いがじょうぶで、光沢があり、卵形で長さ4~9センチメートル、羽状脈があり、鋸歯(きょし)はない。花は3~4月、葉が出る前に開き、短枝の基部から二つずつ出た小形の散形花序につき、淡黄緑色。雌雄異株。果実は球形で大きく、直径1.5センチメートル。ほかのクロモジ属植物とは異なり、裂開して1個の種子を放出する。この特徴のためにシロモジとともに別属とする説もある。名は、果実から油をとり、また材が油を含みよく燃えることによる。「チャン」は瀝青(れきせい)の英語Chian turpentineをあてたもの。本州から九州、朝鮮半島、中国中部に分布。 [門田裕一 2018年8月21日] 3~4月、葉に先立って淡黄緑色の散形花序を開く。生木でもよく燃えることから薪としても用いられた©Shogakukan 撮影/朝倉秀之"> アブラチャンの花 球形で大きく、直径1.5cm。9~10月、黄褐色に熟し、裂開して1個の種子を放出する©Seishohmaru"> アブラチャンの果実 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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