Envelope (English spelling)

Japanese: エンベロープ(英語表記)envelope
Envelope (English spelling)
1 envelope.
2. Something to wrap; a covering.
3. A membrane that covers the surface of viruses such as herpes viruses, influenza viruses, human immunodeficiency viruses, and hepatitis B and C viruses.
4. Control information used in SMTP, one of the email protocols. It describes information such as the destination and sender addresses. Based on this information, the MTA running on the mail server transfers the message to the appropriate server.
[Additional information] 3 is formed when the virus grows inside the host cell and jumps out by wrapping itself around the cell membrane or nuclear membrane of the host cell. There are spikes made of glycoproteins on the surface, which play an important role in invading the host cell. Because it is lipid-soluble, it can be destroyed with alcohol or a neutral detergent to lose its infectivity.

Source: About Shogakukan Digital Daijisen Information | Legend

Japanese:
封筒。
包むもの。覆い。
ヘルペスウイルス、インフルエンザウイルス、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス、B型・C型肝炎ウイルスなどの表面を覆う膜。
電子メールのプロトコルの一つSMTPで用いられる制御情報。宛先や差出人アドレスなどの情報が記述される。この情報に基づいて、メールサーバーで動作するMTAにより適切なサーバーに転送される。
[補説]3は、宿主の細胞内で増殖したウイルスが、宿主細胞の細胞膜や核膜をまとって外に飛び出すことによって形成される。表面にはスパイクとよばれる糖たんぱく質の突起があり、宿主細胞への侵入などに重要な役割を果たす。脂溶性のため、アルコールや中性洗剤などで破壊することで感染性を失わせることができる。

出典 小学館デジタル大辞泉について 情報 | 凡例

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