A circular settlement with houses arranged in a circle around a central square or grassland. It is found mainly in Northern Europe, but is particularly developed from eastern Germany to Poland. This region was colonized by the Slavs in the Middle Ages, and it was previously believed that it was an ethnically created item for Slavic defense, but recent research has revealed that it is also found in areas outside of Slavic colonial territories. A round village is a planned settlement, with land allocations radiating out from the central square or grassland. Each household owns roughly equal shares of the cultivated land and forest behind the residential area, and the distinctive feature is that they share the central square and grassland to lead an agricultural and pastoral lifestyle. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
広場や草地などを中心とし,これを囲んで民家が環状に立並び,ほぼ円形の集落形態を示す集落。主として北ヨーロッパに分布するが,特にドイツ東部からポーランドにかけて発達している。この地方は中世のスラブ族の植民地域にあたり,従来はこれをスラブ族の防備のための民族的所産であるという説があったが,近年の研究の結果,スラブ族の植民地域でないところにも分布することが判明した。円村は計画的に設定された集落で,土地割は集落の中心の広場や草地から放射状に施されている。各戸は宅地の背後に続く耕地と山林をほぼ平等に保有し,中心の広場や草地を共同使用して,農牧生活を営むのが特色である。
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