Satanin - Satanin

Sata refers to the issuing of orders and execution of court cases and other affairs. In the Middle Ages, sataninin was used to refer to government office staff, temple assembly representatives, and other people in positions of jurisdiction and control over such affairs. Jito (land stewards), geshi (lower officials), and goshi (local officials) of manors and villages (public lands) were also sometimes called sataninin in this sense, but it is most common to refer to influential people among the headman and peasants who were subordinate to these people and were in a position to cooperate with them in the performance of their duties from the side of medieval villages. This can be confirmed by the fact that the appointment documents for appointing Jito and geshi often contain phrases calling for cooperation in the performance of the Jito's duties, such as "The sataninin peasants should take good care of you. Use them as the case requires."

[Kunihiro Suzuki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

沙汰とは、裁判その他の諸事務にあたり、その命令、執行に携わることをいう。中世では役所の雑掌(ざっしょう)、寺院集会(しゅうえ)の代表者をはじめ、当該事務を管轄し取り扱う地位にある者が広く沙汰人とよばれた。荘園(しょうえん)や郷(ごう)（公領）の地頭(じとう)・下司(げし)・郷司なども、この意味で沙汰人とよばれることがあったが、これらの者の下位に位置して、中世村落の側からその職務遂行に協力する立場にある名主(みょうしゅ)百姓中の有力な者を、沙汰人とよぶのがもっとも一般的である。このことは、地頭・下司などを任命する補任(ぶにん)状の書止め箇所に、「沙汰人百姓よろしく承知すべし。件(くだん)によりてこれを用いよ」などと、地頭らの職務執行への協力を呼びかける文言(もんごん)がしばしばみえる事実からも確かめることができる。

［鈴木国弘］

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