Geldkapital; money capital

Japanese: 貨幣資本 - かへいしほん(英語表記)Geldkapital; money capital
Geldkapital; money capital
One of the forms of capital in Marxist economics, capital in the form of money. According to K. Marx, capital circulates while taking various forms in the process of increasing its own value. That is, capital first takes the form of money before it functions in the production process, and companies use this monetary capital G to purchase the labor and means of production necessary for production. Capital in the form of production factors (means of production and labor) input into the production process P is called productive capital. With the end of the production process, this productive capital is transformed into the form of a commodity with increased value, called commodity capital W'. This commodity capital is sold in the distribution process, and is transformed back into the form of money as monetary capital G' = G + g (→ surplus value) with increased value. Marx expressed this circulation of capital with the following symbols: G-W...P...W'-G' (... indicates an interruption in the distribution process)
Capital that circulates in this way is called industrial capital. The key point in this circulation of capital is that it returns to the same monetary form as the starting point, but with its value multiplied. Marx made it clear that the secret of this increase in value lies in the production process.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
マルクス経済学でいう資本の形態の一つで,貨幣の形態をとった資本。 K.マルクスによれば,資本は自己の価値増殖を行う過程で種々の形態をとりながら循環運動を行う。すなわち資本はまず生産過程で機能する前に貨幣の形態をとっており,企業はこの貨幣資本 G をもって生産に必要な労働力と生産手段を購入する。生産過程Pに投入された生産諸要素 (生産手段・労働力) の形態にある資本を生産資本という。この生産資本は生産過程の終了とともに増殖された価値をもつ商品の形態に転化され,これを商品資本 W′という。この商品資本は流通過程において売却され,価値を増殖した貨幣資本 G'=G+g (→剰余価値 ) として再び貨幣の形態に転化される。マルクスはこのような資本の循環を次のような記号で表わした。 G-W…P…W'-G' (…は流通過程の中断を示す)
このような循環をとげる資本を産業資本と呼んだ。この資本の循環過程のポイントは,終点は始点と同じ貨幣の形態に立戻るが,そこには価値が増殖された姿で立戻ることであって,その価値増殖の秘密が生産過程にあることをマルクスは明らかにした。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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