...In amphibians, only the atrial septum is formed, and in reptiles, the ventricular septum is also formed but incomplete. Complete separation of the left and right hearts is only realized in warm-blooded animals with high oxygen consumption, such as birds and mammals (Figure 6). This type of pulmonary respiratory circulatory system can be seen as a gill respiratory circulatory system to which a pulmonary capillary network and a set of dedicated pumps are additionally connected in series. In this case, blood flows through the body tissues and the capillaries on the surface of the alveoli twice in one circulation. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to the "gill-breathing circulatory system" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…両生類では心房中隔のみ,爬虫類ではさらに心室中隔が形成されるが不完全で,鳥類や哺乳類など酸素消費量の大きい恒温動物で初めて左右心の完全分離が実現する(図6)。このような肺呼吸型循環系は,えら呼吸型循環系に肺の毛細血管網とそれに続く専用のポンプ一式が別に直列に追加接続された状態とみることができる。ここでは1回の循環で2回,体組織と肺胞表面の毛細血管を血液が流れることになる。… ※「えら呼吸型循環系」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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