In Germany, the genre of sentimental drama, influenced by French tear-jerker comedies, became very popular. In England, the comedy of manners declined in the 18th century, and moral sentimental comedy became mainstream. Influenced by Diderot and the English bourgeois drama, GE Lessing produced the first bourgeois tragedy, Miss Sarah Sampson, in 1755, followed by Emilia Galotti. This is the pinnacle of bourgeois drama, but Lessing, while drawing on Aristotle's theory of tragedy, believed that fear and pity would be more easily aroused by making the protagonist a bourgeois citizen close to the audience, rather than a great protagonist, and he avoided portraying the characters in black and white, mixing virtues and defects in their personalities. *Some of the terminology that refers to "Emilia Galotti" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… ドイツではまずフランスの催涙喜劇の影響で,感傷劇Rührstückとよばれるジャンルが非常に流行した。イギリスでも18世紀には風習喜劇が衰えて,道徳的な感傷喜劇sentimental comedyなるものが主流になっていたが,ディドロとこのイギリス市民劇の影響を受けたG.E.レッシングは1755年に最初の市民悲劇《ミス・サラ・サンプソン》を,続いて《エミリア・ガロッティ》を発表した。これはいわば市民劇の頂点をなす作品であるが,レッシングは,アリストテレスの悲劇論を援用しつつ,恐怖と同情の念は,偉大な主人公よりむしろ観客に身近な市民を主人公にしたほうが起きやすいのではないかと考え,また登場人物の性格にも美点と欠点を混じえて,人物を黒白に描き分けることを避けた。… ※「《エミリア・ガロッティ》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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