FO - Forerunner

Japanese: FO - えふおー
FO - Forerunner

The central organization of right-wing trade unions in France. It is an abbreviation of Confédération Générale du Travail-Force Ouvrière (General Confederation of Labour/Workers' Power). It is also called CGT-FO. It was formed in April 1948 by Jouhault and others who had left the French General Confederation of Labour (abbreviated CGT). It has influence over civil servants (municipalities, hospitals, etc.). It is faithful to the principles of the CGT before unification in 1936, such as the prohibition of holding positions in both unions and political parties and independence from political parties, and does not issue voting instructions to union members in elections. As a result, the majority of socialists and the minority of Gaullists, anarchists, and Trotskyists continued to coexist. It originally adopted a policy of opposition to the CGT, did not strike, and chose to negotiate with management associations, and since May 1968 has accepted the "Contract of Progress" policy advocated by the government. However, under General Secretary Marc Blondel (1938-), who took office in 1989, the union severely criticized the government's wage suppression policy and in 1991 called on all unions to hold a 24-hour general strike for the first time in 14 years, clarifying its line of protest and insisting on strengthening the struggle for demands, and moving towards an alliance with the CGT. In February 2004, Jean-Claude Mailly (1953-) took over as General Secretary from Blondel. Looking at the voter turnout in the election of labor court judges (held at companies employing 10 or more people), it was 20% in the 1990s, but fell below 20% in the 2000s and has been on a downward trend. The union's membership is estimated at 300,000 (2006).

[Tetsuro Saeki]

[References] | Jouhaud | General strike | French General Confederation of Labor | Labor union

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの右派系労働組合中央組織。労働総同盟・労働者の力Confédération Générale du Travail-Force Ouvrièreの略称。CGT-FOともいう。フランス労働総同盟(略称CGT(セージェーテー))を脱退したジュオーらの勢力により1948年4月に結成された。公務員(自治体、病院など)に影響力をもつ。組合と政党の役職兼務の禁止、政党からの独立という、1936年の統一以前のCGTの原則に忠実であり、選挙では組合員に投票指令を出さない。そのため、多数派の社会主義者と少数派のドゴール主義者、アナキスト、トロツキストとの共存が続いた。もともとCGTに対抗する方針を採用し、ストライキを行わず、経営者団体との交渉を選択し、1968年5月以降は政府の提唱する「進歩の契約」政策を受け入れてきた。だが、1989年に就任した書記長ブロンデルMarc Blondel(1938― )のもとで政府の賃金抑制政策を厳しく批判し、1991年には14年ぶりに24時間ゼネスト(ゼネラル・ストライキ)を各組合に呼びかけるなど、要求闘争の強化を主張する異議申し立ての路線を明確にし、CGTとの提携に向かった。2004年2月にブロンデルからメリJean-Claude Mailly(1953― )に書記長が交代した。労働裁判所裁判官選挙(10人以上雇用する企業で実施)での投票率をみると、1990年代には20%を確保していたが、2000年代には20%を割り、低下傾向にある。組合員数は、推定30万人(2006)。

[佐伯哲朗]

[参照項目] | ジュオー | ゼネラル・ストライキ | フランス労働総同盟 | 労働組合

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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