Flavin mononucleotide is an electron carrier closely related to FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide). Its molecular formula is C 17 H 21 N 4 O 9 P, and its molecular weight is 456.35. It is a phosphate ester of riboflavin (vitamin B 2 ). Therefore, the bond between the base (isoalloxazine) and the sugar (D-ribitol) is not a glycosidic bond, so it is not strictly correct to call it a nucleotide. In oxidative phosphorylation, a series of electron carriers transfer electrons from NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) or FADH 2 (reduced FAD) to O 2 , resulting in the synthesis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This process is the main source of ATP for aerobic organisms. The oxidation of NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) back to NADP, produced in the oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate, is catalyzed by a yellow enzyme that can be separated into a colorless protein and a yellow riboflavin derivative. The latter is FMN. FMN, like FAD, plays a role in hydrogen and electron transport in the redox system of living organisms. It appears as a deep yellow crystal. [Teruyoshi Arima, Taro Arima, and Tamiyo Takeuchi] [References] | | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フラビンモノヌクレオチドflavin mononucleotideの略で、FAD(フラビンアデニンジヌクレオチド)に近縁の電子伝達体である。分子式C17H21N4O9P、分子量456.35。リボフラビン(ビタミンB2)のリン酸エステルである。したがって、塩基(イソアロキサジン)と糖(D-リビトール)との結合はグリコシド結合ではないので、ヌクレオチドとよぶのは厳密には正しくない。酸化的リン酸化では、一連の電子伝達体によりNADH(還元型ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチド)やFADH2(還元型FAD)からO2へ電子が渡され、その結果ATP(アデノシン三リン酸)が合成される過程である。この過程は、好気性生物の主要なATP供給源となっている。グルコース6-リン酸が酸化される系で生成するNADPH(還元型ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチドリン酸)が酸化されてNADPに戻る反応は、黄色の酵素で触媒されるが、この酵素は無色のタンパク質と黄色のリボフラビン誘導体に分離することができる。この後者がFMNである。FMNはFADと同様に、生体の酸化還元系で水素および電子伝達の役割を果たす。濃黄色の結晶である。 [有馬暉勝・有馬太郎・竹内多美代] [参照項目] | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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