Adrian, DE - Adrian

Japanese: エードリアン,D.E. - えーどりあん
Adrian, DE - Adrian

...In particular, because the activity of nerve cells can be understood as electrical phenomena, we are using these electrical phenomena as a clue to elucidate the mechanisms of information processing in the brain through the mechanisms of information processing in single nerve cells and in groups of nerve cells; this is sometimes called electrophysiology.
[Neurophysiology research area]
Neurophysiology began in the early 20th century with British physiologist C. Sherrington, and after a series of studies on the properties of excitable membranes by ED Adrian, AL Hodgkin, AF Huxley, and B. Katz, it has since become widely used to study the information processing mechanisms in single neurons using intracellular recording methods with glass microelectrodes, the information processing mechanisms of the sensory and motor systems using extracellular recording methods with metal microelectrodes, and the mechanisms of learning and memory by recording the activity of single neurons in the brains of unanesthetized animals. The main subject of analysis in neurophysiological research is the action potential, an electrical phenomenon exhibited by nerve cells. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Adrian, DE" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…特に,神経細胞の活動様態は電気的な現象としてとらえることができることから,このような電気現象を手がかりに,単一神経細胞における情報処理,神経細胞集団における情報処理のしくみをとおして脳の情報処理のしくみを明らかにしようとしており,ときには電気生理と呼ばれることもある。
[神経生理学の研究領域]
 神経生理学は,20世紀初頭にイギリスの生理学者C.シェリントンに始まり,E.D.エードリアン,A.L.ホジキン,A.F.ハクスリー,B.カッツによる興奮性膜の性質に関する一連の研究を経て,ガラス微小電極を使用した細胞内記録法による単一神経細胞での情報処理機構の研究,金属微小電極を使用した細胞外記録法による感覚系や運動系の情報処理機構の研究,そして無麻酔動物の脳の単一神経活動の記録により学習や記憶のしくみを明らかにする研究などが広く行われている。 神経生理の研究での主要な分析対象として,神経細胞の示す電気的現象である活動電位がある。…

※「エードリアン,D.E.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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