Edo Sanpu

Japanese: 江戸参府 - えどさんぷ

During the Edo period, the chief of the Dutch East India Company in Nagasaki would visit Edo to pay tribute to the Shogun, express his gratitude for trade, and present gifts. This event began in 1609 (Keicho 14) (→Dutch Factory). However, it was only in Kanei 10 (Kan'ei 33) that the chief made annual visits to Edo. Although it was sometimes canceled, by 1850, it had been held 116 times. After 1790 (Kansei 2), it became once every five years, and the frequency of visits decreased toward the end of the Edo period. The journey between Nagasaki and Edo usually took about 90 days, and the first visit to the Shogun was on New Year's Day, and later on the first day of March. The chief of the factory called this trip Hofreise (trip to the Imperial Court) and always kept a diary and sent it back to his home country, so that information about Japan was transmitted to overseas countries every year. It was also customary for Dutch scholars of the time to visit the Dutch group at the Nagasakiya Inn in Muromachi after they had completed their mission, and this played a major role in the development of Dutch studies.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

江戸時代に，長崎のオランダ東インド会社の商館長が江戸に上り，将軍に拝謁し貿易の礼を述べ，献上物を呈する行事で，慶長 14 (1609) 年に始った (→オランダ商館 ) 。しかし毎年参府するようになったのは，寛永 10 (33) 年からで，以後中止されたこともあったが嘉永3 (1850) 年までに 116回を数えた。寛政2 (1790) 年以降は5年に1回となり，幕末に近いほど回数も減っている。長崎と江戸の間を普通は 90日前後かかって道中し，初めは正月に，のちには3月朔日に将軍に拝礼することになっていた。商館長はこの旅行を Hofreise (宮廷への旅行) と呼び，その日記を必ずつけて本国に送ったので，日本事情は毎年海外に伝わった。またこの任務を終えたオランダ人一行を，当時の蘭学者が室町の旅館長崎屋に訪れるならわしがあり，このことは，蘭学発達のうえで大きな力となった。

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