When there are two figures, A and B , on a plane, and both figures are cut with a straight line in a certain direction, if the length of the cut edge of A is always k times the length of the cut edge of B , then the area of A is k times the area of B. Galileo's student B. Cavalieri used this fact to discuss the problem of finding the area of various figures before the discovery of calculus, and this fact is called Cavalieri's Theorem (or Cavalieri's Principle). Using this, for example, from the fact that the area of a circle x2 + y2 = a2 is π a2 , it can be deduced that the area of an ellipse x2 / a2 + y2 / b2 = 1 is π ab . Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
平面上に二つの図形A,Bがあって,一定の方向の直線で両図形を切るとき,Aの切口の長さがつねにBの切口の長さのk倍であるならば,Aの面積はBの面積のk倍である。ガリレイの弟子B.カバリエリが,この事実を用いて種々の図形の面積を求める問題を論じたのは,微積分の発見される以前のことであって,この事実をカバリエリの定理(またはカバリエリの原理)という。このことを用いると,例えば,円x2+y2=a2の面積がπa2であることから,楕円x2/a2+y2/b2=1の面積がπabであることが導かれる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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