This stands for the hydrophile-lipophile balance of a surfactant, and is usually referred to by its initial letters. It is used as an index for obtaining a stable emulsion when using a surfactant as an emulsifier. It was proposed by Griffin of the American company Atlas Powder Company in 1949. This value is calculated from emulsification experiments or a formula. According to Griffin, the HLB of a nonionic surfactant is calculated using the following formula: HLB=20( MH / M ) Surfactants with an HLB of 1 to 5 are suitable for preparing water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, while those with an HLB of 7 to 18 are suitable for preparing oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. The preparation of stable emulsions is important in many fields, including the production of synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl chloride, cosmetics, and asphalt emulsions. [Shigeo Hayano] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
界面活性剤の親水性‐親油性比hydrophile-lipophile balanceの意味であり、普通、頭文字でよばれる。乳化剤として界面活性剤を使用するときに、安定な乳濁液(エマルジョン)を得るための指標として用いられる。1949年にアメリカのアトラスパウダー社のグリフィンによって唱えられた。この値は乳化実験あるいは式から算出される。グリフィンによると非イオン界面活性剤のHLBは次式で計算される。 HLB=20(MH/M) HLBが1から5までの界面活性剤は油中水型(water in oil W/O)エマルジョンの調製に適しており、7から18までの界面活性剤は水中油型(oil in water O/W)エマルジョンの調製に適している。安定なエマルジョンを調製することは、塩化ビニルのような合成高分子の製造や、化粧品の製造、アスファルトエマルジョンの製造などの各分野で重要な意味をもっている。 [早野茂夫] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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