Freedom of business debate

Japanese: 営業の自由論争 - えいぎょうのじゆうろんそう
Freedom of business debate

…Freedom of choice of occupation includes not only the freedom to choose an occupation in the narrow sense of starting, continuing, or abandoning a certain occupation, but also the freedom of occupational activity, which is the freedom to pursue the chosen occupation. The common view among legal scholars is that freedom of choice of occupation includes freedom of business as the freedom to practice that occupation, in addition to the freedom to decide which occupation to engage in. However, the “freedom of business debate” developed around criticism of this view from economic historians. The gist of the criticism from economic historians is that historically, freedom of business has not only been freedom from business regulation by the state, but above all, freedom from business monopolies and restrictions, and that freedom of business has not been pursued as a human right, but as a public policy. …

*Some of the terminology used in relation to the "freedom of business debate" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 職業選択の自由は,ある職業の開始,継続,廃止という狭義の職業選択の自由のみならず,選択した職業を遂行する自由である職業活動の自由をも含むものである。職業選択の自由のなかに,自己の従事すべき職業を決定する自由のほかに,その職業を行う自由としての営業の自由を含めるのが法学者の通説的見解であるが,これに対する経済史学者から出された批判をめぐって展開されたのが,〈営業の自由論争〉である。経済史学者から出された批判の骨子は,営業の自由は,歴史的には,国家による営業規制からの自由であるだけではなく,何よりも,営業の独占と制限からの自由であり,営業の自由は,人権として追求されたものではなく,公序public policyとして追求されたものである,というところにある。…

※「営業の自由論争」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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